盟国审判机制下的国民政府审判“台籍战犯”问题  

On the National Government's Trial of"Taiwan War Criminals"under the Allied Trial Mechanism

作　　者：刘萍[1] Liu Ping

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院近代史研究所

出　　处：《台湾历史研究》2023年第4期13-28,共16页Taiwan History Studies

摘　　要：抗战胜利后对“台籍战犯”进行审判,是中国政府收复国土后,在中国台湾恢复行使国家主权的第一次司法实践。受盟国审判机制及国际法的规约,国民政府始终坚持两个原则:一是对违法战犯坚决进行惩处,二是对违法中国台湾人依据国际法以战犯身份审判。由于相关法规出台迟滞,以及司法群体对法的理解存在差异,对“台籍战犯”的身份存在争议。但作为审判战犯最高决策机构的国民政府战争罪犯处理委员会,始终坚持以国际法审判“台籍战犯”,部分司法判决也较好地诠释了国际法,一定程度体现了近代以来司法群体对国际法的理解和接受。Following the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,the Chinese National Government tried the"Taiwan war criminals."This was the first judicial practice in which the Chinese Government resumed the exercise of State sovereignty in China Taiwan after the recovery of its territory.In accordance with the trial mechanism of the Allied Powers and the statutes of international law,the National Government adhered to two principles:first,it resolutely punished war criminals who violated the law;and second,it tried China Taiwan Residents who violated the law as war criminals in accordance with international law.The delay in the introduction of the relevant laws and regulations,as well as differences in the understanding of the law among judicial groups,have led to disputes over the identity of"Taiwan Residents war criminals.However,the War Crimes Commission of the National Government,as the highest decisionmaking body for the trial of war criminals,insisted that"Taiwan war criminals"be tried in accordance with international law,and some of the judicial decisions also interpreted international law well,which,to a certain extent,reflected the understanding and acceptance of international law by the judicial community in modern times.

关 键 词：“台籍战犯” 汉奸 战后审判 战争罪犯处理委员会 

分 类 号：D693[政治法律—政治学] E296[政治法律—中外政治制度]