自走式青贮玉米切碎打捆装置设计研究  

Design Study of Self-Propelled Silage Corn Shredding and Baling Device

作　　者：胡志诚 李松开 孙波 HU Zhicheng;LI Songkai;SUN Bo(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Yunnan Agricultural University,Yunnan Kunming 650201,China;Mengzi Fruit and Vegetable Technology Extension Station,Yunnan Mengzi 661100,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学机电工程学院,云南昆明650201 [2]蒙自市果蔬技术推广站,云南蒙自661100

出　　处：《饲料工业》2023年第21期40-46,共7页Feed Industry

基　　金：绿色新型饲料与养殖产业化关键技术研究与示范项目[2019ZG00902]。

摘　　要：为解决青贮饲料切碎装置和打捆装置切碎兼容性差、草捆压实度低等问题,设计了可变位切碎装置和橡胶“人字形”钢辊打捆装置。利用有限元对切削装置主要结构零件进行了分析和仿真处理,通过比较两种刀具材料对切碎的受力情况,得出60锰(Mn)钢比45钢拥有更好的切碎效果;刀具质心轴线与理论轴线径向偏移距离小至1 mm,可满足使用要求;以恒定的刀具转速,进行了5把刀具数量切削的试验分析,结果表明切碎刀具为32把时切碎均匀性最佳,达91%。通过分析切碎均匀性和打捆密度间的线性关系,得出切碎均匀性与成捆密度的线性关系。对打捆仓谷物堆积进行运动分析,结果表明同步带下平面与水平面方向夹角直接影响秸秆的压实度。改进设计的可变位切碎装置可满足较大范围的不同作物的切碎需求,浮动钢辊式设计可增加轴面与秸秆间的摩擦力。相对于传统机具,整个改进装置拥有一定的切碎打捆优势。In order to solve a few problems of silage cutting device and baling device,the position-variable cutting device and rubber"herringbone"steel roll baling device are designed.Using the finite element devices to simulate the main components,and comparing the forces of the two tool materials,it is concluded that 60 Mn steel has better cutting effect compared with 45 steel;The radial deviation between the tool center axis and the theoretical axis is small to 1 mm,which satisfies the requirements,and the test analysis of 5 tools at the constant tool speed shows that the best uniformity appears when the amount of tools is 32,which reaches 91%.By analyzing the linear relationship between fragmentation uniformity and baling density,we conclude that fragmentation uniformity is linearly related to bale density.The motion analysis of the grain accumulation in the baling shows that the angle between the lower plane and the horizontal plane of the synchronous zone directly affects the degree of straw compaction.The improved position-variable cutting device can meet the crushing needs of a large range of different crops,and the floating steel roller design can increase the friction between the axial surface and the straw.Compared with traditional machines and tools,the whole improved device has certain advantages of cutting and baling.

关 键 词：青贮玉米 切碎装置 打捆装置 橡胶“人字形”钢辊 切碎均匀性 打捆密度 

分 类 号：S817.1[农业科学—畜牧学]