芥菜型油菜千粒质量QTL上位性互作和环境互作分析  

Epistatic and Environment Interaction Analysis of QTL for Thousand-grain Weight in Brassica juncea

作　　者：王安琪 姚艳梅[1] WANG Anqi;YAO Yanmei(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Tibet Plateau Germplasm Resources Research and Utilization Laboratory,Spring Rapeseed Engineering Technology Research Center of Qinghai Province/Key Laboratory of Spring Rapeseed Genetic Improvement,Spring Rapeseed Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qinghai University,Xi’ning 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院/青藏高原种质资源研究与利用实验室,青海省春油菜工程技术研究中心/春油菜遗传改良重点实验室/农业农村部春油菜科学观测实验站,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2023年第5期1138-1146,共9页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860390);青海省应用基础研究项目(2022-ZJ-727);国家油菜产业技术体系项目(CARS-12)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究芥菜型油菜千粒质量的遗传机理及QTL效应,为提高芥菜型油菜的产量、改良其品质及品种适应性而发展旱地农业提供理论支撑。【方法】以千粒质量存在显著差异的芥菜型油菜品系X396和X568为亲本构建的重组自交系(RIL)群体为材料,在5个环境条件下考察其千粒质量表现,并对千粒质量的遗传力及QTL效应进行分析。【结果】千粒质量的广义遗传力为54.82%,狭义遗传力为11.50%,表明芥菜型油菜的千粒质量性状受环境的影响较大。对千粒质量性状进行QTL分析,结果共获得4个千粒质量加性QTL qTGW2-83、qTGW5-43、qTGW6-44和qTGW12-8,其加性效应为-0.0719~0.1481,且4个加性QTL中有3个QTL qTGW2-83、qTGW6-44、qTGW12-8的加性效应远大于环境互作效应,受环境影响较小,这3个QTL为育种家的目标QTL,分别分布在A02、A06、B02染色体上;对千粒质量性状进行上位性分析,共获得3对千粒质量上位性QTL,其上位效应为-0.0794~0.1164,其中3对上位性QTL中有2对QTL是基本不受环境影响。【结论】千粒质量性状受环境影响比较大,但是千粒质量QTL受环境影响较小。加性效应和上位性效应都对千粒质量性状产生影响,所以在之后的育种工作中,既要重视加性效应,也要重视上位性效应,才能使千粒质量性状稳定遗传。[Objective]This study aims to study the genetic mechanism and QTL effects of thousand-grain weight in Brassica juncea,thus providing theoretical support for the development of dryland agriculture by increasing the yield of Brassica juncea as well as improving its quality and variety adaptability[.Method]In this study,a recombinant inbred line(RIL)population constructed from Brassica juncea lines X396 and X568,which have significant differences in thousand-grain weight,was examined for its thousand-grain weight performance under five environmental conditions,and the heritability and QTL effects on thousand-seed weight were analyzed.[Result]The broad sense heritability for thousand-grain weight was 54.82%and the narrow sense heritability was 11.50%,indicating that the thousand-grain weight trait in Brassica juncea is highly influenced by the environment.QTL analysis of the thousand-grain weight trait resulted in a total of four additive QTLs for thousand-grain weight qTGW2-83,qTGW5-43,qTGW6-44,and qTGW12-8,with additive effects ranging from-0.0719 to 0.1481.Three of the four additive QTLs,qTGW2-83,qTGW6-44,and qTGW12-8,had an additive effects which were much larger than the environmental interaction effects and less affected by the environment.These three QTLs were the target QTLs for breeders,which were distributed on chromosomes A02,A06,and B02,respectively;the epistatic analysis of the thousand-grain weight trait yielded a total of three pairs of thousand-grain weight epistatic QTLs,with the epistatic effects ranging from-0.0794 to 0.1164,and two of the three pairs of epistatic QTLs were basically unaffected by the environment.[Conclusion]The thousandgrain weight trait was more affected by the environment,but the thousand-grain weight QTL was less affected by the environment.Both additive and epistatic effects influence the thousand-grain weight trait.Both should be emphasized in the subsequent breeding work in order to make the thousand-grain weight trait stably inherited.

关 键 词：芥菜型油菜 千粒质量 加性效应 上位性 环境互作 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]