2021年深圳市学龄前儿童麻疹和风疹抗体水平监测  

Monitoring of measles and rubella antibody levels in preschool children in Shenzhen in 2021

作　　者：郑建辉 张艳炜[2] 黄芳[2] 王苑玲[2] 胡涛 程锦泉[2] ZHENG Jianhui;ZHANG Yanwei;HUANG Fang;WANG Yuanling;HU Tao;CHENG Jinquan(College of Public Health,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450000,China;Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学公共卫生学院,河南郑州450000 [2]深圳市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代疾病预防控制》2023年第10期778-781,共4页MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

摘　　要：目的了解深圳市学龄前儿童的麻疹、风疹抗体水平,为完善麻疹、风疹疫苗接种程序提供建议。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法选取3个妇幼保健院,选取4~6岁的学龄前儿童,采集血清标本,采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清中麻疹、风疹IgG抗体水平,并分析接种时间、是否及时接种等不同免疫接种程序对抗体阳性率的影响。结果深圳市学龄前儿童麻疹IgG抗体阳性率为86.82%,风疹IgG抗体阳性率为91.55%。在麻疹IgG抗体水平监测中,南山区抗体阳性率最低(65.00%),不同地区差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),≥2剂次的接种率为95.95%,阳性率87.68%,不同接种剂次的抗体阳性率的组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),按时接种组抗体阳性率(93.17%)高于未按时接种组(79.26%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在风疹IgG抗体水平监测中,4岁组抗体阳性率最高(96.52%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),抗体阳性率随着接种时间的延长而降低(P<0.05)。结论深圳市学龄前儿童麻疹、风疹IgG抗体阳性率维持在较高水平,按时接种疫苗可提高麻疹抗体阳性率。应做好学龄前儿童抗体监测,考虑开展学龄前儿童入学前的加强免疫工作。Objective To investigate the measles and rubella antibody levels of preschool children in Shenzhen,and provide suggestions for improving measles and rubella vaccination program.Methods The stratified random sampling method was used to select preschool children aged 4-6 years from three maternal and child health care hospitals,and serum samples were collected.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect measles and rubella IgG antibody levels in serum.The effect of different immunization procedures on the positive rate of antibody such as inoculation time and timely inoculation was also analyzed.Results The positive rates of measles IgG antibody and rubella IgG antibody were 86.82%and 91.55%in preschool children in Shenzhen,respectively.In the monitoring of measles IgG antibody level,the positive rate of antibodies in Nanshan district was minmum(65.00%),with statistical significance among different regions(P<0.05);the vaccination rate for≥2 doses was 95.95%,and the positive rate was 87.68%,with statistical significance among different inoculation doses(P<0.05).The antibody positive rate in the timely inoculation group(93.17%)was higher than that in the non-timely inoculation group(79.26%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).About the monitoring of rubella IgG antibody level,the antibody positive rate was the highest in the 4-year-old group(96.52%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the antibody positive rate decreased with the extension of inoculation time(P<0.05).Conclusions The seropositivity rates of measles and rubella IgG antibodies among preschool children in Shenzhen remained at a high level.Timely vaccination can increase the measles antibody positivity rate.It is necessary to conduct antibody monitoring among preschool children and consider implementing enhanced immunization efforts before their enrollment in school.

关 键 词：麻疹疫苗 风疹疫苗 学龄前儿童 抗体水平 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]