不同饲喂方式下发酵饲料对蛋鸡生产性能、肠道形态及其菌群的影响  

Effect of different feeding methods of fermented feed on production performance,intestinal morphology and microflora in laying hens

作　　者：李悦伊 李春 刘巍 廖莹 李家明 张文辉 沈水宝 卢丽枝 LI Yue-yi;LI Chun;LIU Wei;LIAO Ying;LI Jia-ming;ZHANG Wen-hui;SHEN Shui-bao;LU Li-zhi

机构地区：[1]广西大学动物科学技术学院,广西南宁534000 [2]广西壮族自治区畜牧站,广西南宁530022

出　　处：《饲料研究》2023年第20期35-40,共6页Feed Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划畜禽饲料饲草精细化加工技术研究“饲料原料理化特性与加工性能多维关联效应研究(项目编号:2021YFD1300300)”。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究不同饲喂方式下发酵饲料对23周龄蛋鸡生产性能、肠道形态以及菌群的影响,以探讨发酵饲料在蛋鸡生产中适宜的饲喂方式。选取广西麻鸡蛋鸡480羽,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复20只鸡。对照组(con组)鸡饲喂基础饲粮;试验组鸡为间歇性饲喂(以周为单位),G1组鸡全期饲喂发酵饲料;G2组鸡5 d饲喂发酵饲料,2 d饲喂基础日粮;G3组2 d饲喂发酵饲料,5 d饲喂基础日粮。预试期7 d,正式试验期56 d。结果显示,1~8 w,G1组蛋鸡合格蛋率极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01),1~4 w平均蛋重均极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01)。G2组蛋鸡空肠绒毛高度极显著高于各组(P<0.01),空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度极显著高于con组(P<0.01);G3组蛋鸡空肠隐窝深度以及G1组蛋鸡的回肠隐窝深度均极显著低于con组(P<0.01),G1组蛋鸡十二指肠和回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度均显著高于con组(P<0.05)。与con组相比,G1组蛋鸡拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、理研RC9菌属(Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group)相对丰度提高,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。与con组相比,试验组蛋鸡菌群相对丰富度在属水平上具有显著差异(P<0.05),同时与生产性能存在一定的相关性。研究表明,不同饲喂方式下发酵饲料对蛋鸡肠道形态以及菌群的相对丰富度具有不同程度的影响,进而影响其生产性能,建议全期饲喂发酵饲料。The purpose of the experiment was to study the effect of different feeding methods on production performance,intestinal morphology and microflora of 23-week-old laying hens,and to explore the appropriate feeding methods of fermented feed in laying hens.A total of 480 laying hens were randomly divided into four groups with six replicates per group and 20 hens per replicate.Hens in control group(con group)were fed with basal diet.The experimental group was fed intermittently(weekly),and the G1 group was fed with fermented diet for the whole period.Hens in G2 group were fed with fermented diet for 5 d and basal diet for 2 d.Hens in G3 group were fed fermented diet for 2 d and basal diet for 5 d.The pre-test lasted for 7 d and the formal test lasted for 56 d.The results showed that the qualified egg rate in G1 group was extremely higher than that in other groups during the experiment 5~8 w(P<0.01),and the average egg weight in 1~4 w was extremely higher than that in other groups(P<0.01).The villus height of jejunum in G2 group was extremely higher than that in all groups(P<0.01),and the villus/cryptic jejunum in con group was extremely higher than that in con group(P<0.01).The crypt depth of jejunum of laying hens in G3 group and ileum crypt depth of laying hens in G1 group were extremely lower than con group(P<0.01),and duodenum and ileum wool/crypt of laying hens in G1 group were significantly higher than those in con group(P<0.05).Compared with con group,the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group in G1 group was increased,but the differences were not significant(P>0.05).Compared with con group,the relative flora richness of laying hens in experimental groups was significantly different at genus level(P<0.05),and had a certain correlation with production performance.The study indicates that different feeding methods has different effect on intestinal morphology and relative abundance of flora of laying hens,and then affected their production performance,it is recommended to feed ferment

关 键 词：蛋鸡 饲喂方式 生产性能 肠道形态 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]