基于作物水分亏缺指数的广西崇左市甘蔗干旱特征分析  

The Characteristics of Sugarcane Drought in Chongzuo City,Guangxi based on the Crop Water Deficit Index

作　　者：李华实 黄维 马智 邓媛元 曾顺威 黄妮 LI Huashi;HUANG Wei;MA Zhi;DENG Yuanyuan;ZENG Shunwei;HUANG Ni(Chongzuo Meteorological Bureau,Chongzuo,Guangxi 532200;Liuzhou Agrometeorological Experimental Station,Liuzhou,Guangxi 545003;Liuzhou Meteorological Bureau,Liuzhou,Guangxi 545001)

机构地区：[1]崇左市气象局,广西崇左532200 [2]柳州市农业气象试验站,广西柳州545003 [3]柳州市气象局,广西柳州545001

出　　处：《甘蔗糖业》2023年第4期27-36,共10页Sugarcane and Canesugar

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目(2020GXNSFAA159028);广西气象科研计划面上项目(桂气科2023M29);崇左市科技计划项目(2021ZC09)。

摘　　要：本研究利用气象资料、土壤类型资料和甘蔗发育期数据改进了基于作物水分亏缺指数(CWDI)的甘蔗干旱指标,揭示崇左市甘蔗全生育期内不同等级干旱时空变化规律。研究结果表明:(1)崇左蔗区甘蔗苗期和分蘖期的年际干旱发生频率较低,而茎伸长期和工艺成熟期的年际干旱发生频率较高,其中工艺成熟期内重旱和特旱年际发生频率明显跃增,这与南海夏季风爆发和缓慢撤退导致雨季变化密切相关;各生育期内甘蔗干旱又以6 a以下的强短周期震荡为主。(2)不同生育期内干旱发生频率不同,在苗期和分蘖期,崇左市各地均不出现重旱、特旱等级干旱情况,而茎伸长期各地干旱发生频率普遍跃升,但仍以轻旱和中旱为主;工艺成熟期各地干旱发生频率有所下降,但各地开始有出现特旱的机率。(3)在甘蔗不同生育期内发生干旱频率较大的地区主要位于受特殊地形影响的左江河谷一带。This study improved the sugarcane drought index based on CWDI by utilizing meteorological data,soil type data and sugarcane development period data,and revealed a new drought change characteristic throughout the growth period of the sugarcane in Chongzuo City.The research results indicated that:(1)The frequency of interannual drought during the seedling and tillering stages of the sugarcane in the Chongzuo was relatively low,while the frequency during the stem elongation and process maturity stages was relatively high.The frequency of severe and extreme drought during the process maturity stage had significantly increased,which was closely related to the onset and slow retreat of the South China Sea summer monsoon leading to changes in the rainy season.During the each growth period,the sugarcane drought was mainly characterized by strong short-term oscillations below 6 years.(2)The frequency of drought occurrence varied during different growth stages.During the seedling and tillering stages,there were no severe or extreme drought levels in various parts of Chongzuo.However,during the stem elongation stage,the frequency of drought occurrence in various parts generally jumped,but it was still mainly light and moderate drought.During the mature process,the frequency of droughts in various regions had decreased,but there was a possibility of extreme droughts starting to occur in various regions.(3)The areas with high frequency of drought during different growth stages of the sugarcane were mainly located in the Zuojiang River Valley area affected by special terrain.

关 键 词：作物水分亏缺指数 甘蔗 干旱 时空特征 功率谱分析 左江河谷 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]