我国残疾人健康状况及其影响因素  

Health Status and Influencing Factors of the Disabled in China

作　　者：王帅 吴士勇 姚强[2] 朱继明 张耀光 WANG Shuai(Center for Health Statistics and Information,National Health Commission of People's Repubic of China,Beijing,100810,China)

机构地区：[1]国家卫生健康委统计信息中心,北京100810 [2]武汉大学政治与公共管理学院,湖北武汉430072 [3]清华大学万科公共卫生与健康学院,北京100084

出　　处：《医学与社会》2023年第11期1-7,共7页Medicine and Society

摘　　要：目的:分析我国残疾人的健康状况及其影响因素,为残疾人相关健康政策制定提供参考依据。方法:利用2018年全国第六次卫生服务统计调查数据,选择两周患病率、慢性病患病率评价残疾人健康状况,通过描述性分析和logistic回归分析模型对我国残疾人的健康状况及影响因素进行研究。结果:残疾人两周患病率(52.4%,OR=1.71,P<0.01)和慢性病患病率(59.3%,OR=2.33,P<0.01)显著高于非残疾人,城乡、地区、年龄、性别、受教育程度、残疾类型及程度等因素显著影响残疾人的两周患病率(P<0.05),地区、年龄、性别、残疾类型及程度等因素显著影响残疾人的慢性病患病率(P<0.01)。结论:我国残疾人健康水平显著低于非残疾人,并且在城乡、地区、残疾类型及程度方面存在明显差异。建议完善残疾人的整合型长期照护服务和医疗卫生服务,加强健康教育与健康管理,推进数据共享与融合,为残疾人提供个性化的服务。Objective:To analyze the health status and influencing factors of the disabled in China,so as to provide evidence for the formulation of health policies related to the disabled.Methods:Using data from the sixth national health service survey in 2018,two-week prevalence rate and the prevalence rate of chronic diseases were selected to evaluate the health status of persons with disabilities,and the descriptive analysis and logistic regression model were used to study the health status and influencing factors of the disabled in China.Results:The disabled persons'two-week prevalence rate(52.4%,OR=1.71,P<0.01)and the prevalence rate of chronic diseases(59.3%,OR=2.33,P<0.01)were significantly higher than those of the non-disabled.The two-week prevalence rate of disabled persons was significantly affected by urban and rural areas,regions,age,sex,education level,and type and degree of disability(P<0.05).The prevalence of chronic diseases of disabled persons was significantly affected by regions,age,gender,and type and degree of disability(P<0.01).Conclusion:The health level of disabled persons is significantly lower than that of non-disabled people in China,and there are obvious differences in urban and rural areas,regions,and type and degree of disability.It is recommended to improve the integrated long-term care and medical services for the disabled,reinforce health education and health management,drive data sharing and integration and provide personalized services for people with disabilities.

关 键 词：健康管理 残疾人 健康状况 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]