岱语土俗文本中的浊声母对应  

Correspondences of Voiced Initials in Tày Vernacular Texts

作　　者：贺大卫 肖昉(译) David Holm;Xiao Fang

机构地区：[1]政治大学民族学系,中国台湾11605

出　　处：《辞书研究》2023年第6期1-18,I0001,共19页Lexicographical Studies

摘　　要：学术界早已知晓,越南北部高平省岱语方言保留有原始台语浊声母的发音,但有趣的是,这些浊声母在当地流行的岱语传统抄本也有反映。这个现象尚未进入国际学术界的视野。当地抄本是用方块土俗字书写的,千百年来,岱人一直使用这种类依附于汉字的书写系统来记录岱语。文章从重庆县(Trùng Khánh)传统文本中寻找证据材料,发现原始台语*b-和双唇浊复辅音在这类浊声母中尤其明显,同时还发现龈浊阻塞音(*d-等)、软腭浊声母(*g-等)、浊擦音声母和其他浊声母均有表现。这些声母的书写方式大多由早期中古汉语带有浊声母的汉字(或说土俗字声符)表现出来。这为岱语土俗字形成的年代考提供了重要的启示。It has long been recognised in the scholarly community that the Tày dialects found in Cao B?ng province in northern Vietnam retain voiced pronunciations for the voiced initials of Proto-Tai.What is of interest here is that these voiced initials are reflected in traditional manuscripts in the Tày language that circulate in the area.This phenomenon has not yet been brought to the attention of the international scholarly community.Local manuscripts are written in a form of vernacular character script,based on the Chinese script,which Tày people have used for many centuries to write their own language.The present article will present evidence for this phenomenon,based on a traditional text from Trùng Khánh district in the northeastern part of Cao B?ng province.What we find is that among such voiced initials,those derived from Proto-Tai *b-and other bilabial initials are most salient,but reflections of other categories such as voiced alveolar stops(*d-etc.) and voiced velar initials(*g-etc.) are also found.Words with such voiced initials are frequently written with Chinese characters(or phonetic components) that had voiced initials themselves at the Early Middle Chinese stage of the development of Chinese.Loan-words from Chinese with voiced initials show similar correspondences.All this provides us with an important indication of the age of this layer in the Tày vernacular script.

关 键 词：历史语言学 全浊声母 土俗方块文字 岱语 原始侗台语 中古汉语读音 

分 类 号：H44[语言文字]