尾部形状对超空泡射弹尾拍运动影响的数值研究  

Numerical Investigation of Tail Shape Effects on the Tail-slap of Supercavitating Projectiles

作　　者：刘如石[1] 郭则庆[1] 张辉[1] LIU Rushi;GUO Zeqing;ZHANG Hui(National Key Laboratory of Transient Physics,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学瞬态物理国家重点实验室,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《兵工学报》2023年第10期2984-2994,共11页Acta Armamentarii

摘　　要：尾拍运动是超空泡射弹保持水中稳定运动的主要方式。为研究尾部形状对超空泡射弹尾拍运动特性的影响,基于有限体积法和Mixture多相流模型,结合动网格技术构建三维自由尾拍运动仿真模型,比较圆柱弹、尾锥弹、尾翼弹和尾裙弹的尾拍运动特性,分析了在不同初始扰动角速度情况下射弹的固有运动状态特性。研究结果表明:射弹尾拍时,尾部形状会影响尾部沾湿面和尾部沾湿产生的空泡,尾部沾湿表面面积越大或沾湿表面与射弹航行速度方向夹角越大,同攻角下射弹所受的力矩越大,尾拍频率越高,速度衰减越快,在不失稳的情况下,射弹的速度衰减快慢为尾裙弹>圆柱弹>尾锥弹>尾翼弹;4种射弹都存在与射弹的几何形状有关,而与初始扰动角速度无关的固有尾拍运动状态,此状态下射弹尾拍角速度振荡峰值随速度的衰减正比例减小。Tail-slap motion is vital for maintaining stable navigation of supercavitating projectiles.To study the influence of the tail shape on the motion characteristics of a supercavitating projectile during tail-slap navigation,a three-dimensional free tail-slap motion simulation model is constructed using the finite volume method and Mixture multiphase flow model,as well as dynamic mesh technology.The tail-slap motion characteristics of the four projectiles with different tail shapes(i.e.,cylindrical tail projectile,cone tail projectile,fin-stabilized projectile and flare-stabilized projectile)are compared,and the intrinsic motion state characteristics of the projectiles are analyzed with different initial angular velocities.The results show that the tail shape affects the wetting area and the shape of the cavitation it produces.Larger wet surface areas or larger angles between wet surface and projectile velocity direction lead to increased torque and tail beat frequency,along with slower velocity attenuation.Steady navigation velocity attenuation ranking is fin-stabilized>cone tail>cylindrical tail>flare-stabilized projectile.All the four projectiles exhibit an“inherent tail motion state”related to their geometry,independent of initial disturbance angular velocity.In this state,the peak value of angular velocity oscillation decreases with the velocity proportionally.

关 键 词：超空泡射弹 尾拍运动 数值模拟 尾部结构 多相流 

分 类 号：O351[理学—流体力学]