从清末民初地理教科书的编写看中国南海疆域的标绘——以胡晋接的著述为考察中心  

Research on the Plotting of the South China Sea Territory from the Compilation of Geography Textbooks in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Early Republic of China——Taking Hu Jinjie’s Writings as the Exploratory Perspective

作　　者：郭渊[1] GUO Yuan(Research Institute of Sino-foreign Relations,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学中外关系研究所,广东广州510632

出　　处：《浙江海洋大学学报（人文科学版）》2023年第5期43-49,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University(Humanities Sciences)

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金重点项目“近代列强南海立场的演变与中国维权研究”(编号:22AZD152)。

摘　　要：清末民初史地学家胡晋接编纂地理教科书《新编中华民国地理讲义》,根据中国领土、藩属之地的变迁,以及所理解的领海、内海学说,阐述中国“旧有”和“现今”领土管辖范围的变迁。胡晋接与其弟子程敷锴编纂的《中华民国地理新图》第2图南海“国界”线,明确将东沙岛、西沙群岛绘制在内,表现出对中国南海地理范围的认知。《新编中华民国地理讲义》所编写的中国领土被掠夺、海洋权益被蚕食等内容,成为学堂上“国耻教育”的重要题材,并对以后地理教科书的编写产生了深远影响。《中华民国地理新图》绘制的南海“国界”线成为后继者研究和绘制南海地图的重要出发点和参照系,是中国南海传统疆域线绘制的一个重要思想源头。In the early years of the Republic of China,historian and geographer Hu Jinjie compiled a geography textbook entitled Newly-compiled Lecture Notes on Geography of the Republic of China,which elaborates on the changes in China’s“past”and“present”limits of territorial jurisdiction based on the changes in Chinese territory and vassal state territories,as well as the apprehensive theories of territorial waters and enclosed sea.The second graph indicating the South China Sea“border”line in the New Map of Geography of the Republic of China compiled by Hu Jinjie and his pupil Cheng Fukai clearly includes Dongsha Island and the Xisha Islands,showing the cognition of the geographical range of the South China Sea.Such content as the ransacked Chinese territory and gnawing-away maritime rights and interests depicted in the Newly-compiled Lecture Notes on Geography of the Republic of China has become important themes of“national humiliation education”in the classroom,which produces a far-reaching influence upon the future compilation of geography textbooks.The national boundary line of the South China Sea mapped in the New Map of Geography of the Republic of China has not only become the important starting point and reference system for the successors to study and draw the map of the South China Sea,but also become an important ideological source of plotting the traditional border line of the South China Sea.

关 键 词：胡晋接 《新编中华民国地理讲义》 《中华民国地理新图》 南海 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]