汉语同形同音词的心理词汇表征——基于EEG的语义启动效应研究  

The mental representation of Chinese homonymous words:A semantic priming study based on EEG

作　　者：曹慧 靳洪刚 CAO Hui;JIN Honggang(Faculty of Arts and Humanities,University of Macao,Macao 519000,China;Department of East Asian Languages&Literatures,Hamilton College,Clinton,NY 13323,USA)

机构地区：[1]澳门大学人文学院,中国澳门519000 [2]美国汉明顿大学东亚系,美国纽约13323

出　　处：《华文教学与研究》2023年第4期77-91,共15页TCSOL Studies

摘　　要：本研究结合行为实验和EEG设备,旨在调查汉语同音词的心理词汇表征。26位汉语母语者作为被试,对216组实验材料进行视觉化词汇判断。每组实验材料包含一个语义不平衡的同音词作为启动词及一个目标词。目标词有四种类型:(1)与启动词主要意义相关;(2)与启动词次要意义相关;(3)与启动词意义无关;(4)填充假词。被试进行词汇判断时,同时收集行为数据和脑电数据。行为数据分析正确率和反应时,脑电数据分析反映语义加工的N400和LPC成分。行为数据显示,前三种类型目标词在正确率和反应时上无显著差异。ERP数据显示:主要意义和次要意义的目标词激发了更大的N400和LPC波幅;同时,大脑后部区域产生了较前部和中部区域更大的LPC波幅。结果证实汉语同音词的主要意义和次要意义在心理表征上存在差异,支持了独立词义表征观。The present study aimed to investigate the lexicon processing of Chinese biased homonymous words using EEG.Twenty-six participants were presented with word pairs of a biased homonymous word served as prime preceding a target word.Four types of target words were used:(1)words semantically related to the dominant meaning of the biased homonymous primes;(2)words semantically related to the subordinate meaning of the biased homonymous primes;(3)control words se⁃mantically unrelated to the homonymous primes;(4)legal nonwords.The experiment required participants to make lexical de⁃cisions as quickly and as accurately as possible when the target words were presented.Both behavioral data and EEG data were collected while participants performing the visual lexicon decision task.The distinction between the dominate meanings and subordinate meanings of homonymous words was reflected in the Accuracy Rate,Reaction Time(RT),as well as in the ERP component of N400 and LPC.Behavioral results showed that there was no significant difference among meaning domi⁃nance/frequency,while ERP results showed significant effects between dominant meaning and subordinate meaning,the tar⁃get words related to dominant meaning elicited stronger N400 and LPC amplitude.Furthermore,the posterior brain area also showed stronger LPC amplitude rather than the frontal and the central areas.These findings indicate that meaning dominance will influence lexicon processing and meaning recognition,providing evidence supportive of separate representations of hom⁃onymous words.

关 键 词：同音词 语义启动 心理词典 ERP N400 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学] H195.3