运行参数对脉管制冷机性能影响仿真研究  

Simulation Study on the Influence of Operating Parameters on the Performance of Pulse Tube Refrigerator

作　　者：屈方杰 闫春杰[1] 罗新奎 王冲聪 何嘉华 于锟锟 薛海亮 QU Fangjie;YAN Chunjie;LUO Xinkui;WANG Chongcong;HE Jiahua;YU Kunkun;XUE Hailiang(Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics Laboratory,Lanzhou Institute of Physics,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州空间技术物理研究所真空技术与物理重点实验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《真空与低温》2023年第6期622-629,共8页Vacuum and Cryogenics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51976086);真空技术与物理重点实验室基金(6142207210201)。

摘　　要：基于二维计算流体力学(CFD)数值模型对一款6 W@80 K同轴斯特林型脉管制冷机进行了仿真研究。对不同运行频率和充气压力下的整机性能进行研究,发现随着运行频率的升高,制冷系数先增大后减小。随着充气压力的升高,制冷系数也随之升高。对脉管内部流动状态进行研究,发现脉管内气体呈现轴向往复振荡状态,当气体方向发生改变时,脉管两端会产生涡流,涡流大小在不同的充气压力下变化不大,随着运行频率的增大而减小。将二维仿真结果与一维仿真结果以及实验结果进行比较,发现建立的二维CFD数值模型在输入功率较大时,整机制冷量的计算结果较为准确。Based on two-dimensional CFD numerical calculation,the simulation of a 6W@80K coaxial stirling type pulse tube refrigerator was carried out.The performance of the whole machine under different running frequency and charge pressure was studied.It is found that the refrigeration coefficient increases first and then decreases with the increase of running frequency.And with the increase of charge pressure,the refrigeration coefficient also increases.The internal flow state of the pulse tube was studied.It is found that the gas in the pulse tube presents the reciprocating oscillating state in the axial direction.When the direction of the gas in the pulse tube changes,vortex will be generated in the hot and cold end of the pulse tube,and the vortex size changes little under different charging pressures but decreases with the increase of running frequency.The two-dimensional simulation results were compared with the one-dimensional simulation results and experimental results.The results show that when the input power of the two-dimensional CFD numerical model is large,the calculation result of the refrigerating capacity of the whole machine is more accurate.

关 键 词：脉管制冷机 二维CFD 充气压力 运行频率 

分 类 号：TB651.4[一般工业技术—制冷工程]