带尾翼射弹跨水中声速斜入水初期弹道数值研究  

Numerical study on trajectory of projectile with fins in initial stage of oblique water entry at sound speed in water

作　　者：孙士明[1] 褚学森[1] 王志[1] 颜开[1] SUN Shi-ming;CHU Xue-sen;WANG Zhi;YAN Kai(National Key Laboratory on Hydrodynamics,China Ship Scientific Research Center,Wuxi 214082,China)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶科学研究中心水动力学重点实验室,江苏无锡214082

出　　处：《船舶力学》2023年第11期1581-1593,共13页Journal of Ship Mechanics

基　　金：水动力学重点实验室基金项目(6142203180306)。

摘　　要：本文基于CFD方法针对带尾翼射弹跨水中声速斜入水过程开展数值研究,分析射弹入水过程中空泡形态、流体动力及运动稳定性等特性,获得入水速度、入水角、攻角、侧滑角等入水初始参数对射弹入水初期弹道的影响规律。研究发现:(1)射弹跨水中声速入水瞬间的冲击会在水中产生压力波并以声速向周围传播,射弹头部前方始终存在高压区,当速度超过水中声速时,弹头前会存在弱脱体弓形激波随弹体运动;(2)射弹斜入水过程会造成空泡以弹轴为界、上部分开口比下部分大的非对称发展特征;(3)对于本文射弹算例,入水速度主要影响入水轴向载荷,入水角通过影响尾翼撞水时间影响入水弹道的偏转,但其作用相对较弱,攻角和侧滑角通过尾翼撞水后产生的俯仰/偏航力矩成为影响弹道偏转的主要因素;(4)不同参数之间存在耦合影响,入水角的减小会增加正攻角下弹道偏转,降低负攻角下弹道偏转。In this paper,the process of oblique high-speed water entry of a projectile with fins was numerical-ly studied based on CFD method.The cavity evolution,the fluid dynamics and the ballistic stability in the process of water entry were analyzed,and the influences of initial parameters,which include the velocity,the incident angle,the attack angle and the slide slip angle,on the ballistic stability of water entry were obtained.Following conclusions are found:(1)The pressure wave will be generated and propagate around with sound speed in water at the moment of water impact and there will be a weak detached bow wave moving with the projectile in front of the projectile head when the velocity exceeds the sound speed in water.(2)The oblique water entry of the projectile will cause the asymmetric development of the cavity in which the upper part is more separated than the lower part bounded by the projectile axis.(3)For the projectile in this paper,the ve-locity is the main factor affecting the axial load of water entry and the incident angle has a weak influence on the ballistic deflection by changing the water impact time of tail fins.The attack angle and the slide slip angle are main factors for the ballistic stability of water entry,which mainly affect the pitch/yaw moment caused by tail fins impacting water surface;(4)There are coupling effects among different parameters,the reduction of incident angle will increase the ballistic deflection at a positive attack angle and decrease the ballistic deflec-tion at a negative attack angle.

关 键 词：超空泡 射弹 弹道稳定性 

分 类 号：O35[理学—流体力学]