长心卡帕藻应对海洋酸化和升温的环境适应性研究  

Environmental adaptability of the red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii in response to ocean acidification and warming

作　　者：张雅婷 韦章良 龙丽娟[1,3,4] 杨芳芳 肖志梁[1,2,4] ZHANG Ya-ting;WEI Zhang-liang;LONG Li-juan;YANG Fang-fang;XIAO Zhi-liang(CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Upwelling Ecosystem,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shantou 515041,China;Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology,Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering,Sanya 572024,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南海海洋研究所,中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室,广东广州510301 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院南海海洋研究所,粤东上升流区海洋生态系统综合观测研究站,广东汕头515041 [4]三亚海洋生态环境工程研究院,海南省热带海洋生物技术重点实验室,海南三亚572024

出　　处：《海洋科学》2023年第7期12-21,共10页Marine Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC3100500,2021YFF0502801);国家自然科学基金(42006129);广州市科技计划项目(202102021228);广东省科技计划项目(2021B1212050023)。

摘　　要：长心卡帕藻(Kappaphycus alvarezii)是主要生长于热带海域的大型经济红藻,在营养物生物提取方面具有重要的经济和生态价值,作为提取κ-卡拉胶的重要原料,广泛应用于食品和医学等多种行业。由于人类活动导致大气中CO_(2)浓度持续升高,引发海洋表层海水逐渐酸化和升温,对大型海藻产生耦合效应。因此,本文设置了两种CO_(2)浓度梯度(450×10^(-6)和1200×10^(-6))和三种温度梯度(26℃、29℃和32℃),从光合作用、细胞代谢产物、碳氮积累和酶活性方面探讨长心卡帕藻响应海洋酸化和海水升温的环境适应性变化。结果表明,CO_(2)浓度与温度变化对长心卡帕藻的Fv/Fm影响显著(P<0.05),在两种CO_(2)浓度条件下,Fv/Fm均随温度升高而增加;酸化条件与非酸化条件下可溶性糖浓度变化趋势相反,海水升温对游离氨基酸浓度影响极显著(P<0.01),在两种CO_(2)水平下,升温均会降低藻体游离氨基酸浓度。综合分析可知,升高温度对长心卡帕藻的光合作用有一定程度的积极影响,藻体对于酸化和高温的同时发生具有适应性。在当前CO_(2)浓度下,长心卡帕藻在26℃~29℃温度范围内表现出了更高的可溶性内含物积累(C、N)。高CO_(2)浓度造成的海洋酸化对长心卡帕藻产生了一定程度的负面影响,但在海水酸化的条件下,长心卡帕藻在29℃~32℃表现出更好的碳氮积累。The tropical macroalga Kappaphycus alvarezii(Rhodophyta,Solieriaceae)is a marine autotroph known to have positive ecological functions and is used in nutrient bioextraction as a commercial source ofκ-carrageenan,which is used in food and medicine.The atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO_(2))concentration continues to rise because of human activities.CO_(2)-induced ocean acidification(OA)and seawater surface warming have resulted in producing compound effects on K.alvarezii.Therefore,a factorial coupling experiment was conducted to examine how photosynthetic performances,soluble cell components accumulation(C and N),and metabolic enzyme-driven activities responded to two CO_(2) concentrations(450 and 1200 ppm)and three temperature levels(26℃,29℃,and,32℃).The results showed that the maximum quantum yield(Fv/Fm)of K.alvarezii was significantly enhanced under high temperature conditions,regardless of CO_(2) levels(P<0.05).For both CO_(2) concentrations,the soluble sugar content exhibited different trends.Free amino acid levels significantly decreased under higher temperature treatments(29℃and 32℃),regardless of the two CO_(2) levels(P<0.01).Thus,the increase in temperature positively affected the photosynthesis of K.alvarezii,indicating it could adapt to OA and warming.Under the current pCO_(2) condition,the biochemical components of K.alvarezii were most active at 26℃-29℃.The OA had negative impacts on K.alvarezii,but under the OA condition(1200 ppm),it showed increased nitrogen accumulation at 29℃-32℃.

关 键 词：长心卡帕藻 海洋酸化 海水升温 光合作用 生化组分 

分 类 号：Q494[生物学—生理学] P735[天文地球—海洋生物学]