三沙湾大肠杆菌和肠球菌抗生素耐药性分析  

Antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp.in Sansha Bay,China

作　　者：李向乾 李晓东 林永豪 张伟 徐晗 杨桂琴 路玮静 俞道进[2] 陈新华 LI Xiang-qian;LI Xiao-dong;LIN Yong-hao;ZHANG Wei;XU Han;YANG Gui-qin;LU Wei-jing;YU Dao-jin;CHEN Xin-hua(Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province,Institute of Oceanology,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health,College of Animal Sciences(Bee Sciences),Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学海洋研究院福建省海洋生物技术重点实验室,福建福州350002 [2]福建农林大学动物科学学院蜂学学院福建省中西兽医结合与动物保健重点实验室,福建福州350002

出　　处：《海洋科学》2023年第7期138-148,共11页Marine Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42106203);平潭科技研究院科技创新项目(PT2021002)。

摘　　要：为探究三沙湾水域细菌耐药性的情况,本文分离了该海域11株大肠杆菌和12株肠球菌,并测定其对常见抗生素的耐药性以及相关耐药基因。结果显示:大肠杆菌对抗生素的耐药率从高到低为四环素=氨苄西林>氯霉素=头孢唑啉>头孢噻肟=呋喃妥因>庆大霉素>环丙沙星,其中大肠杆菌对氨苄西林存在明显的高水平耐药(MIC≥256μg/mL占36.36%),TEM基因可能是导致耐药的主要基因。肠球菌对抗生素的耐药率从高到低为利福平>呋喃妥因>红霉素>氨苄西林=氯霉素=万古霉素,其对呋喃妥因存在明显的高水平耐药(MIC≥128μg/mL占74.93%)。肠球菌中仅检出喹诺酮类耐药基因gyra和四环素类耐药基因tetM、tetG。该海区存在着明显的多重耐药现象,大肠杆菌和肠球菌的多重耐药率分别达到54.55%和100%,表明三沙湾海域可能存在较为严重的抗生素耐药菌与耐药基因污染。As antibiotics are widely used in medical treatment and aquaculture production,antibiotic pollution and antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in the environment have attracted attention,but few studies have been performed on antimicrobial resistance in coastal areas.To explore the resistance of bacteria in the waters of Sansha Bay,11 strains of Escherichia coli and 12 strains of Enterococcus were isolated from this area,and their resistance to common antibiotics and the related genes were determined.The resistance rates of E.coli to antibiotics from high to low were tetracycline=ampicillin>chloramphenicol=cefazolin>cefotaxime=nitrofurantoin>gentamicin>ciprofloxacin.Among them,E.coli had a high level of resistance to ampicillin(MIC≥256μg/mL,36.36%),and TEM may be the main antimicrobial-resistant gene.The resistance rates of Enterococcus to antibiotics from high to low were rifampicin>nitrofurantoin>erythromycin>ampicillin=chloramphenicol=vancomycin,and there was a high level of resistance to nitrofurantoin(MIC≥128μg/mL,74.93%).Only the quinolone-resistant gene gyrA and the tetracycline-resistant genes tetM and tetG were detected in Enterococcus.The results also showed multi-antimicrobial resistance in the sea area.The multi-antimicrobial resistance rates of E.coli and Enterococcus were 54.55%and 100%,respectively.These results indicate the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antimicrobial-resistant gene pollution in Sansha Bay.

关 键 词：耐药菌 耐药基因 三沙湾 空间分布 

分 类 号：S852.61[农业科学—基础兽医学]