宁夏银川市城市移居老人生活质量现状调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of the quality of life of elderly urban immigrants in Yinchuan,Ningxia

作　　者：罗晓琪 宋凯 马钰 王晓岚 周健[1,2] LUO Xiao-qi;SONG Kai;MA Yu;WANG Xiao-lan;ZHOU Jian(School of Public Health and Management,Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan 750004,Ningxia,CHINA;Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control,Yinchuan 750004,Ningxia,CHINA;Ningxia Zhenbeibao Town Central Hospitals,Yinchuan 750026,Ningxia,CHINA)

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,宁夏银川750004 [2]宁夏环境因素与慢性病控制重点实验室,宁夏银川750004 [3]宁夏镇北堡镇中心卫生院,宁夏银川750026

出　　处：《海南医学》2023年第21期3151-3155,共5页Hainan Medical Journal

基　　金：宁夏医科大学校级科研项目(XT2022007);2017年自治区高校创新创业教育改革项目(编号:NXCX2017123)。

摘　　要：目的了解宁夏银川市城市移居老人的生活质量现状,为提高城市移居老人的生活质量提供理论依据。方法采用随机抽样方法,于2020年9~12月抽取宁夏银川市城市移居老人170名进行现场入户问卷调查,问卷内容包括基本情况和生活质量简表(WHOQOLBREF)。结果170名移居老人中男性82名,女性88名;男性移居老人在生理领域、心理领域、社会关系领域以及环境领域的生活质量得分分别为(13.07±1.54)分、(13.20±1.52)分、(14.73±1.88)分和(13.51±2.11)分,明显高于女性的(12.29±1.51)分、(12.27±1.64)分、(13.68±2.34)分、(12.67±2.08)分,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);在生活质量四个领域的得分中,有伴侣的移居老人得分分别为(12.92±1.50)分、(12.93±1.58)分、(14.45±2.24)分和(13.33±2.18)分,明显高于无伴侣移居老人的(11.99±1.54)分、(12.18±1.70)分、(13.50±1.92)分、(12.40±1.84)分,身体状况较好的移居老人得分分别为(12.94±1.36)分、(12.87±1.62)分、(14.43±2.15)分和(13.45±2.05)分,明显高于身体状况较差的移居老人,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);与家人居住的移居老人在生理、心理和社会环境三个领域得分明显高于独自居住的移居老人,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);随着受教育程度的提高,移居老人以上四个领域的得分明显升高,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);随着经济收入的增高,生活质量中的生理领域和社会关系领域得分随之升高,但心理领域和环境领域得分先升高后降低,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论宁夏银川市城市移居老人生活质量与身体状况、有无伴侣、是否与家人居住和经济收入等有关,因此,建议在提高身体素质,培养乐观心态,关爱独居老人等方面持续加强以提高城市移居老人生活质量。Objective To understand the current situation of the quality of life of elderly urban immigrants in Yinchuan,Ningxia,and to provide theoretical basis for improving the quality of life of urban emigrants.Methods A total of 170 elderly urban immigrants in Yinchuan,Ningxia were selected by random sampling method from September to December 2020 to conduct onsite questionnaire survey,which included the basic situation and Quality of Life Brief Scale(WHOQOLBREF).Results There were 82 males and 88 females among 170 immigrants.The quality of life scores of males in the physical,psychological,social,and environmental fields were(13.07±1.54)points,(13.20±1.52)points,(14.73±1.88)points,and(13.51±2.11)points,respectively,which were significantly higher than(12.29±1.51)points,(12.27±1.64)points,(13.68±2.34)points,(12.67±2.08)points of the women(P<0.05).In the four areas of quality of life,the scores of elderly immigrants with partners were(12.92±1.50)points,(12.93±1.58)points,(14.45±2.24)points,and(13.33±2.18)points,which were significantly higher than(11.99±1.54)points,(12.18±1.70)points,(13.50±1.92)points,(12.40±1.84)points of elderly immigrants without partners;the scores of elderly immigrants in good physical condition were(12.94±1.36)points,(12.87±1.62)points,(14.43±2.15)points,and(13.45±2.05)points,respectively,which were significantly higher than those of elderly immigrants in poor physical condition;the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores in physical,psychological,and social environment of the elderly immigrants living with their families were significantly higher than those of the immigrants living alone(P<0.05).With the improvement of education level,the scores in the above four areas increased significantly,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).With the increase of economic income,the scores of physiological field and social relation field increased,but the scores of psychological field and environmental field increased first and then decreased,with

关 键 词：宁夏 银川 城市 移居老年人 生活质量 调查 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]