制度型开放与中国对外经济关系重构  

Institutional Opening up and Restructuring of China's Foreign Economic Relations

作　　者：胡再勇[1] HU Zaiyong

机构地区：[1]外交学院国际经济学院,北京100037

出　　处：《外交评论（外交学院学报）》2023年第5期1-18,I0001,I0002,共20页Foreign Affairs Review

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费重大创新项目“美国对华战略转型下的中美经贸关系与中美关系研究”(项目编号:3162019ZYKA03)的阶段性成果;外交学院“双一流”建设学科(政治学)“经济外交”交叉创新团队成果。

摘　　要：全球金融危机发生后,主要发达国家经济增速持续放缓,中国以大口径外循环为主的贸易格局难以为继,加之中美战略竞争激化,美国拉拢盟友和伙伴在经贸、科技、金融、意识形态、地缘政治等领域对华实施一系列咄咄逼人的政治经济和安全举措,成为中国新一轮高水平开放面临的主要国际风险。在这种局面下,无论是应对中美战略竞争,破除美国联合其盟伴构建的“筑墙设垒”“脱钩断链”等经贸包围圈,还是构建双循环新发展格局,中国都亟需重构对外经济关系。2018年底以来,党中央和国务院多次提出部署实施制度型开放,为中国在新一轮高水平开放中重构对外经济关系指明了努力方向和实现路径。其理论逻辑在于,通过制度型开放,提升制度比较优势、贸易竞争优势和国际贸易福利效应。当前,中国通过制度型开放,积极从双边、多边和区域推进全球经贸规则变迁,推进中国贸易结构升级、贸易伙伴关系变化、高水平对外开放和经济全球化发展。为应对全球经贸规则重塑和中美战略竞争加剧,中国应以制度型开放为抓手,建设更高水平开放型经济新体制,推进新兴领域制度型开放,推进与“中间地带”的制度型开放合作,因应美国制度霸权的遏制与打压。After the global financial crisis,the economic growth of major developed countries has continued to slow down,and China's dependence on a trade pattern dominated largely by international economic cycle has been difficult to sustain.In addition,with the intensification of strategic competition between China and the United States,the United States has united allies and partners to implement a series of aggressive measures against China in areas such as economy and trade,technology,finance,ideology and geopolitics,which has become the main international risk China faces in a new round of high-standard opening up.In this situation,it is imperative and urgent for China to restructure its foreign economic relations so as to cope with the strategic competition with the United States,to break through the economic and trade encirclements by the U.S.and its allies through erecting"fences and barriers",decoupling,and disrupting industrial and supply chains,and to foster a new pattern of development featuring positive interplay between domestic and international economic flows.Since the end of 2o18,the CPC Central Committee and the State Council have repeatedly proposed and deployed the implementation of institutional opening up,which has pointed out the direction and path for China to restructuring its foreign economic relations in the new round of high-standard opening up.The theoretical logic lies in enhancing comparative institutional advantages,trade competitive advantages,and welfare effects of international trade through institutional opening up.China is actively promoting changes in global economic and trade rules at multilateral,bilateral,and regional levels,upgrading its trade structure,adjusting trade partnerships,and advancing high-standard opening up to the outside world and economic globalization through institutional opening up.In response to the reshaping of global economic and trade rules and the intensification of strategic competition between China and the United States,China should remain anchored in inst

关 键 词：制度型开放 国际经贸规则 中美战略竞争 中国对外 经济关系 数字贸易 

分 类 号：D822[政治法律—政治学] F125[政治法律—外交学]