葡萄花翅小卷蛾对葡萄不同生长发育期的响应  

Response of Lobesia botrana to different developmental stages of grape

作　　者：王洁 阿地力·沙塔尔[1] WANG Jie;Adi·Sattar(Forestry and Horticulture College,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《果树学报》2023年第11期2413-2422,共10页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2601400)项目课题(2022YFC2601401)。

摘　　要：【目的】葡萄花翅小卷蛾Lobesia botrana是新入侵我国吐鲁番的进境植物检疫性害虫,揭示其在新入侵地吐鲁番成灾的原因,对葡萄生产有重要意义。【方法】以葡萄花序、幼果和成熟果实饲养幼虫,测定各虫态生长指标、发育历期、成虫产卵量、存活率等,并对饲养材料中的物质变化与葡萄花翅小卷蛾生长发育及田间数量变化进行相关性分析。【结果】取食成熟果实的葡萄花翅小卷蛾的幼虫和蛹的各项生长指标均高于取食花序的个体;取食成熟果实的葡萄花翅小卷蛾的卵历期、幼虫历期和蛹历期显著短于取食花序和幼果的个体,雌虫产卵量也相对较高,而取食花序的单雌产卵量不超过15粒,存活率也最低。可溶性糖含量与葡萄花翅小卷蛾的数量变化、产卵量和存活率呈极显著正相关;蛋白质、氨基酸、单宁、黄酮等物质含量与其产卵量和存活率呈显著负相关。【结论】取食成熟果实可以缩短葡萄花翅小卷蛾的发育历期、提高成虫产卵量及存活率,成熟期果实中营养物质的变化是导致葡萄花翅小卷蛾田间种群数量变化的重要原因。【Objective】Lobesia botrana(Denis Schiffermüller),an imported plant quarantine pest,was first discovered in Gaochang District,Turpan City,Xinjiang,China in 2014.Up to now,L.botrana has spread to the most areas of Turpan City,China.The pest has five generations in a year in Turpan.The first and second generations of larvae damage the grape inflorescences and immature fruits,and the number of occurrences is low,while the third and fourth generations of larvae damage the mature fruits,and the number of occurrences shows a trend of outbreak.The study aimed to clarify the effects of different developmental stages of grapes on the occurrence of L.botrana,explore the relationship between the nutrient contents of the grapes in the different developmental stages and field quantity changes,growth and reproduction of the pest,so as to reveal the reasons for the outbreak of the third and fourth generations of L.botrana in the field.【Methods】The early-instar larvaes were collected from the occurrence area of L.botrana and brought to the laboratory for artificial feeding.The larvaes were fed with the grape inflorescences,immature fruits and mature fruits,respectively.Under the same conditions,the growth indexes,development duration,oviposition amount and nutrient changes of the larvaes and pupaes were measured.The correlation between these nutrient changes and the number of L.botrana in the field and its indoor growth,development and reproduction was analyzed.【Results】The 3rd,4th and 5th instar larvaes feeding on the immature fruits and mature fruits had higher body weight,body length and body size than those feeding on inflorescences,and the test operation greatly increased the mortality of the early-instar larvaes,and the average weight of the pupaes feeding on the mature fruits was also relatively high;according to the developmental duration of each stage,the egg duration,larval duration and pupal duration of individuals feeding on the mature fruits were 6.43 d,11.80 d and 6.08 d,respectively,which were shorter

关 键 词：葡萄花翅小卷蛾 生长发育 繁殖 营养物质 相关性 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学] S436.631[农业科学—园艺学]