吸声隔音功能纺织材料的研究现状及进展  

Research status and progress of textile materials with sound-absorbing and sound insulation functions

作　　者：潘蕾蕾 范硕 王宇轩[1,2] 张红霞 PAN Leilei;FAN Shuo;WANG Yuxuan;ZHANG Hongxia(Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology,Ministry of EducationZhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Materials and Manufacturing Technology,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学先进纺织材料与制备技术教育部重点实验室,杭州310018 [2]浙江理工大学浙江省纤维材料和加工技术研究重点实验室,杭州310018

出　　处：《现代纺织技术》2023年第6期216-225,共10页Advanced Textile Technology

基　　金：企业横向合作项目(2022)。

摘　　要：由于纺织材料在中低频声波段的吸声隔音能力薄弱,为提高其在中低频区域的降噪性能,制备出吸声隔音性能更加优异的纺织材料,对相关研究现状进行了综述。文章首先介绍了纺织材料的吸声隔音的优势和吸声隔音机制;随后详细介绍了多孔吸声复合降噪材料、多孔与共振复合降噪材料、多孔与阻尼复合降噪材料这3种纺织复合降噪材料的研究进展;最后指出未来吸声隔音纺织材料的开发应朝着结构多样化、材料复合化、方式智能化以及绿色环保的方向发展。As a global environmental problem,noise pollution seriously endangers people's physical health and quality of life,affecting sleep,damaging the hearing system,damaging cardiovascular system,causing mental system dysfunction,reducing work efficiency,and affecting children's intellectual development.Therefore,it is crucial to develop materials with sound absorption and sound insulation functions.The porous structure of textile materials endows them with sound absorption performance,making them widely used in the field of noise reduction.Textile materials,as porous materials,are based on a combination of sound absorption and sound insulation mechanisms.The sound absorption and sound insulation of textile materials includes three parts.The first part is that the incident sound wave is reflected.The second part is that sound waves enter the pores in the fiber material,causing air vibration and causing sound energy loss.The third part is the multiple reflections of sound waves in the material pores.The biggest advantage of textile materials compared to other flexible materials lies in their processing performance,which can be processed into various shapes,arranged regularly,and distributed evenly.Based on this advantage,textile materials can be combined with other materials to prepare composite noise reduction materials.Materials with sound absorption and sound insulation functions include porous materials,resonant materials,and damping materials.To improve the noise reduction performance of porous textile materials,textile materials are combined with resonance materials and damping materials.Three types of textile composite noise reduction materials can be generated through different construction methods:porous composite noise reduction materials,porous and resonant composite noise reduction materials,and porous and damping composite noise reduction materials.These three composite noise reduction materials can effectively improve the noise reduction performance in the mid to low frequency range and broaden the range o

关 键 词：复合降噪材料 吸声隔音 多孔吸声 共振吸声 阻尼材料 

分 类 号：TS101.8[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]