浅析商、西周铜木复合胎漆器——兼谈釦器及其起源问题  

Preliminary Study of Laquerware Combining Copper and Wood from Shang and Zhou Dynasties:Also on Laquerware with Metal Inlay Decoration and its Origin

作　　者：蒋迎春 Jiang Yingchun

机构地区：[1]保利艺术博物馆

出　　处：《四川文物》2023年第5期33-42,共10页Sichuan Cultural Relics

摘　　要：商、西周铜木复合胎漆器,在青铜时代大背景下具有特别意义。据现有资料,其始于商末,延续使用至春秋早期,当时既是铜礼器的替代物,也用于日常生活。它们的出现,最主要的目的是节省珍贵的铜料。战国及秦汉时期的釦器,在制作手法上承继了商、西周以来的铜木复合胎工艺,两者关系密切,但它们在形制、功能等方面区别明显,并无直接的渊源关系。In Shang and Western Zhou dynasties,lacquerware combining copper and wood as core material had special significance against the background of the Bronze Age.According to available information,this technique began at the end of Shang Dynasty and was used until the early Spring and Autumn period,which was not only a substitute for bronze ritual vessels,but also used in daily life during that time.The most important purpose of its appearance was to save precious copper material.During the Warring States period,Qin and Han dynasties,lacquerware with metal inlay decoration along the rim,body or bottom inherited the craftsmanship of copperwood combination process since the Shang and Western Zhou dynasties,these two techniques were closely related,but had obvious distinctions in terms of shape,function and other aspects.The copper component of Shang-Zhou lacquerware combining copper and wood was mainly used to present a specific appearance which seems more or less like copperware;while the metal components of lacquerware with metal inlay decoration along the rim,body or bottom were often gold or silver,even copper components were either gilded or inlaid with gold(or silver),such technique was initially developed in order to strengthen the thin lacquerware.As time passed,it emphasized more on decorative function to imitate gold and silver ware.The change of craftsmanship demonstrates distinct artistic and aesthetic characteristics of the Bronze Age and Iron Age,and shows no direct connection or origin.According to the existing records,Chinese lacquerware with metal inlay decoration along the rim,body or bottom was first born in early Warring States period.

关 键 词：漆器 铜木复合胎 釦器 胎骨 装饰 

分 类 号：K224[历史地理—历史学] K876.7[历史地理—中国史] K223