河水-地下水侧向交互带微生物群落分布特征及其主控因子  

Distribution Characteristics of Microbial Communities in River-Groundwater Interaction Zone and Main Environmental Factors

作　　者：朱子超 刘慧[1,2] 毛胜军 马奥兰 李民敬[1] Zhu Zichao;Liu Hui;Mao Shengjun;Ma Aolan;Li Minjing(School of Environmental Studies,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430078,China;State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430078,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学环境学院,湖北武汉430078 [2]中国地质大学生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430078

出　　处：《地球科学》2023年第10期3832-3843,共12页Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(No.41830862);国家创新群体项目(No.41521001);湖北省创新群体项目(No.2018CFA028);中央高校基础研究基金中国地质大学(武汉)项目(Nos.CUGCJ1803,CUGQY1928).

摘　　要：河水-地下水交互带独特的水文地球化过程会严重影响微生物群落分布,研究该分布特性可为一系列生物地球化学循环提供新的认识.以汉江下游侧向交互带沉积物为对象,通过16SrRNA基因高通量测序分析交互带沉积物二维剖面中微生物群落多样性、物种组成及其与环境因子的关系.研究表明:以河水补给地下水为主流方向的剖面中微生物群落分布差异性较大;交互带微生物多样性与TOC、Mn极显著负相关,与NH4+、As显著负相关,近河处水位线下分布着微生物多样性高的区域,富集氧化态的NO_(3)^(-)、Fe(Ⅲ)、SO_(4)^(2-),其中大量化能异养菌丰度下降,聚磷酸盐、氨氧化和噬甲基相关功能微生物丰度升高;而交互带边缘区域微生物多样性低,TOC、NH_(4)^(+)、Mn和As相对较高.总之,水流交互作用决定了交互带沉积物的DO和TOC的分布,从而调控着其中微生物群落变化及多种元素的生物地球化学过程.The unique hydrogeochemical process of the river-groundwater interaction zone can seriously affect microbial community distribution.Studying the microbial distribution characteristic can provide a new understanding of a series of biogeochemical cycles.In this paper,the microbial community diversity,species composition and relationship with environmental factors in the two-dimensional sediment profiles of the interactive zone are analyzed by high-throughput sequencing of 16SrRNA gene.The results show that the microbial community distribution is more heterogeneous in the profile where river water recharge is the main water flow direction.Microbial diversity in the hyporheic zone has a remarkably substantial negative correlation with NH4+,As,and has a negatively correlation with TOC,Mn.Below the water level near the river distributed an area with high microbial diversity where the oxidative NO_(3)^(-),Fe(Ⅲ),and SO_(4)^(2-)were accumulated,the abundance of a large number of chemoheterotrophic microbes decreased,and that of microorganisms related to phosphorus-accumulating,ammonia oxidation and methyl-phage increased.The marginal areas of the interaction zone show less biodiversity,with relatively high TOCs,NH_(4)^(+),Mn and As.In conclusion,the interaction of river and groundwater determines the distribution of DO and TOC in the interaction zone sediments,thus regulating the changes of the microbial community and the biochemical processes of various elements.

关 键 词：河水-地下水交互带 16SrRNA基因高通量测序 微生物群落 环境因子 冗余分析 生物地球化学 环境地质学 

分 类 号：P69[天文地球—地质学]