准噶尔盆地南缘构造分层分带特征及其油气勘探意义  

Characteristics of Structural Stratification and Zoning in Southern Junggar Basin and Its Significance for Oil and Gas Exploration

作　　者：袁波 汪新[2] 王心强 赵进雍[1] 刘翔 Yuan Bo;Wang Xin;Wang Xinqiang;Zhao Jinyong;Liu Xiang(Geophysical Institute of Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development of Xinjiang Oilfield Company of PetroChina,Urumqi 830000,China;School of Earth Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油新疆油田公司勘探开发研究院地球物理所,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [2]浙江大学地球科学学院,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《地球科学》2023年第10期3946-3956,共11页Earth Science

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(Nos.2016ZX05003-005,2016ZX05047-001);中石油重大专项(No.2017E-0403).

摘　　要：准噶尔盆地南缘(简称准南)新生代变形强烈,发育3~4排逆冲叠加褶皱.依据石油反射地震和钻井资料,研究南缘逆冲构造几何学和运动学,通过计算机模拟构造变形过程,研究准南构造分层分带特征.准噶尔盆地南缘沿三叠系泥岩-侏罗系煤层、白垩系泥岩、古近系泥岩发育逆冲断层,深层的中生界断层形成于晚古近纪(~35 Ma),浅层霍玛吐断层位于古近系,发生在中新世晚期(~8 Ma),2~3个逆冲断片叠置形成叠瓦状构造.断层向盆地传递的位移量控制盆地变形,准南东段盆地褶皱隐伏地下,构造缩短量仅有~1.3 km.西段盆地二排褶皱出露地表,构造缩短量~7~9 km.断裂活动对油气运移和富集至关重要,厘定南缘构造分层分带特征、变形时间和演化序列对油气勘探意义重大.The southern Junggar Basin underwent strong Cenozoic deformation and formed 3-4 rows of imbricate structures.It presents data on the geometry and kinematics of the imbricate structures in the southern Junggar basin based on analysis of the oil seismic reflection profiles and drilling data.The evolution process of the imbricate structures is restored by computer simulation.In the Cenozoic,thrust faults developed along Triassic mudstone and Jurassic coal,Cretaceous mudstone and Paleogene mudstone,respectively.The deep thrust faults in Mesozoic mudstone developed in Late Paleogene(~35 Ma),and the shallow Huo-Ma-Tu fault in Paleogene mudstone occurred in Late Miocene(~8 Ma).These faults were stacked and formed imbricate structures with two or three thrust sheets.The fault kinematics controls the transmission of fault displacement to the basin and affects the development and distribution of folds in the southern Junggar basin.The blind folds developed in the eastern section of the southern Junggar basin,where the faults slide to the basin with only~1.3 km fault displacement.Two rows of folds exposed to the surface developed in the western section,where the faults slide to the basin with~7-9 km fault displacement.Fault activity is very important for oil and gas migration and enrichment.Determining the structural characteristics,deformation time and evolution sequence is of great significance for oil and gas exploration in the southern Junggar basin.

关 键 词：准噶尔盆地南缘 断层运动方式 生长地层 断层位移量 地震反射剖面 构造地质学 油气地质 

分 类 号：P542[天文地球—构造地质学]