基于增材制造技术的空心涡轮叶片精准成形控制  

Precision Forming Method of Hollow Turbine Blades Based on Additive Manufacturing Technology

作　　者：刘亮杰 刘哲峰 徐云龙 刘岩[1] 苗恺[1] 鲁中良[1] 李涤尘[1] LIU Liang-jie;LIU Zhe-feng;XU Yun-long;LIU Yan;MIAO Kai;LU Zhong-liang;LI Di-chen(State Key Laboratory of Precision Micro Nano Manufacturing Technology,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学精密微纳制造技术全国重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《精密成形工程》2023年第11期61-68,共8页Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering

基　　金：国家慧眼行动项目;国家重大专项(J2019-Ⅶ-0013-0153)。

摘　　要：目的基于光固化快速成形工艺,将一体化陶瓷铸型技术与数值模拟技术相结合,采用型腔反变形方法补偿金属液凝固收缩,实现高复杂空心涡轮叶片的型面精准成形控制。方法通过数值模拟分析了叶片各方向(叶宽、叶长和叶厚)的凝固变形规律,并建立了各截面的位移场模型。通过仿真迭代补偿凝固收缩,修正了叶身外型面,完成了叶片CAD模型重构。基于光固化快速精铸技术,快速制作了一体化铸型,并完成了叶片浇注实验。结果对补偿前后叶片叶身外型面偏差进行统计可知,叶身主要部位偏差明显降低,尾缘偏差由-0.335mm降低至-0.136mm,前缘偏差由-0.246mm降低至-0.111mm,验证了该技术在叶片型面精度控制方面的有效性。结论实现了涡轮叶片型面精度的有效控制,为高精度空心涡轮叶片的快速制造提供了新的途径。The work aims to combine integrated ceramic casting technology with numerical simulation technology based on SL and adopt the cavity anti-deformation method to compensate the solidification shrinkage of molten metal,thus realizing the precise forming control of highly complex hollow turbine blade surface.Through numerical simulation,the solidification de-formation law of blade in each directions(blade width,blade length and blade thickness)was analyzed,and the displacement field model of each section was established.By compensating solidification shrinkage through simulation iteration,the outer surface of the blade body was modified and the CAD model reconstruction was completed.Based on the SL rapid precision casting technology,the integrated mold cavity was quickly made,and the blade casting experiment was completed.According to the statistics of the deviation of the outer surface of the blade before and after compensation,the deviation of the main parts of the blade was significantly reduced:the deviation of the trailing edge was reduced from−0.335 mm to−0.136 mm and the de-viation of the leading edge was reduced from−0.246 mm to−0.111 mm,which verified the effectiveness of the anti-deformation compensation technology in the precise control of the blade surface.The turbine blade surface precision is effectively controlled,providing a new approach for the rapid manufacturing of high-precision hollow turbine blades.

关 键 词：空心涡轮叶片 光固化成形 陶瓷铸型 反变形 型面精度 

分 类 号：TG244[金属学及工艺—铸造]