复杂结构ADC12铝合金汽车支架挤压铸造工艺参数优化  

Optimization of Squeeze Casting Process Parameters for ADC12 Aluminum Alloy Automobile Support with Complex Structure

作　　者：朴俊杰 姜博[1,2] 胡茂良[1] 王晔[1] 吉泽升 SUGIYAMA Sumio 许红雨[1] 王云龙 张永冰 PIAO Jun-jie;JIANG Bo;HU Mao-liang;WANG Ye;JI Ze-sheng;SUGIYAMA Sumio;XU Hong-yu;WANG Yun-long;ZHANG Yong-bing(School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering,Harbin University of Science and Technology,Harbin 150080,China;Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Intelligent Technol-ogy of Ministry of Education,Harbin University of Science and Technology,Harbin 150080,China;Harbin Jixing Mechanical Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Harbin 150060,China;Institute of Industrial Science,University of Tokyo,Tokyo 153-8505,Japan)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨理工大学材料科学与化学工程学院,哈尔滨150080 [2]哈尔滨理工大学先进制造智能化技术教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨150080 [3]哈尔滨吉星机械工程有限公司,哈尔滨150060 [4]东京大学生产技术研究所,东京153-8505

出　　处：《精密成形工程》2023年第11期132-139,共8页Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFB2006503);黑龙江省科技重大专项(2021ZX05A02)。

摘　　要：目的解决ADC12铝合金汽车发动机支架在挤压铸造成形工艺下的缺陷问题。方法利用ProCAST模拟软件对该汽车发动机支架的挤压铸造充型和凝固过程进行模拟,对挤压铸造工艺参数进行正交试验设计并模拟得到最佳工艺参数,对铸件浇注远端厚壁部位采取局部加压优化措施,并对厚壁部位进行X-Ray探伤,观察铸件的缺陷情况。结果对挤压铸造的工艺参数进行正交试验极差分析后,发现各工艺参数按对铸件凝固后质量的影响程度从大到小的顺序依次为挤压比压、浇注温度、模具温度。通过正交试验得到优化后的工艺参数为浇注温度730℃、模具温度300℃、挤压比压150MPa。局部加压时挤压销的最佳激活时间为4 s,此时可以完全消除铸件内部的缩孔缩松缺陷。选择优化后的工艺参数生产该汽车发动机支架,产品外观完整,没有出现表面裂纹等缺陷。在X-Ray探伤下无明显缺陷,内部质量良好。结论选择合理的浇注温度、模具温度和挤压比压可以有效减少铸件内部的缩孔缩松缺陷,采用局部加压并合理控制挤压销的激活时间可以完全消除缩孔缩松缺陷。The work aims to solve the defects of ADC12 aluminum alloy automobile engine supports in squeeze casting.ProCAST software was used to simulate the filling and solidification process of the automobile engine supports during squeeze casting.Orthogonal experiments were designed to obtain the optimal process parameters.Local pressurization optimization measure was taken for the thick-walled area at the far end of the casting pouring process,and X-ray inspection was performed on the thick-walled area to observe the defects of the casting.The results showed that after conducting orthogonal experimental range analysis on the process parameters of squeeze casting,it was found that the degree of influence of each process parameter on the quality of the casting after solidification was in descending order:squeeze pressure,pouring temperature,and mold tem-perature.The optimized results obtained through orthogonal experiment were pouring temperature of 730,mold temperature℃of 300,and squeeze pressure of 150 MPa.The optimal activation time for squeezing the pin under local℃pressurization was 4 s,which could completely eliminate the shrinkage and porosity defects inside the casting.The automobile engine support produced according to the optimized process parameters had a complete appearance without surface cracks and other defects.There were no obvious defects under X-Ray inspection,and the internal quality was good.In conclusion,choosing a reasonable pouring temperature,mold temperature,and squeeze pressure can effectively reduce internal shrinkage defects in castings.By using local pressurization and controlling the activation time of the squeeze pin reasonably,shrinkage defects can be completely eliminated.

关 键 词：ADC12铝合金 挤压铸造 数值模拟 局部加压 铸造缺陷 

分 类 号：TG245[金属学及工艺—铸造]