中国热区适应性高产大豆种质的评价与筛选  

Evaluation and Screening of Soybean Germplasm with High Adaptability and Yield in Tropical Regions of China

作　　者：隋翔鹏 周永刚 孙鹏宇 李森权 叶开烨 王栋灵 井妍 李海燕[1] Sui Xiangpeng;Zhou Yonggang;Sun Pengyu;Li Senquan;Ye Kaiye;Wang Dongling;Jing Yan;Li Haiyan(College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou,570288)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带作物学院,海口570288

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2023年第21期7292-7299,共8页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2022XDNY142);海南省崖州湾种子实验室揭榜挂帅项目(B21HJ0901)共同资助。

摘　　要：为筛选中国海南省等热区适应性高产大豆种质,本研究对来自不同纬度的75份大豆品种的株高、主茎节数、茎粗、荚数、百粒重及单株产量等6个产量相关性状进行测定,使用主成分分析、因子分析和聚类分析等方法对品种的各个性状进行综合评价。结果表明,大豆单株产量和荚数的变异系数最大,茎粗变异系数最小;前2个主成分因子累积贡献率达到71.95%,可以反映表观遗传信息的主要特征特性。根据农艺性状相似度将75份种质材料分为7个大类群,其中,第5类群与第6类群中的‘PI628946IAC-8’、‘H3LJ6j-4’表现最好,适宜在海南等中国热带地区广泛种植。本研究结果可为筛选及培育热区高产大豆种质提供参考。In order to screen high-yield soybean germplasms with adaptability in tropical regions of China such as Hainan Province,six yield-related traits,including plant height,node number of main stem,stem diameter,pod number,100-seed weight and yield per plant of 75 soybean varieties from different latitudes were determined,and each character was comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis,factor analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that the coefficient of variations of soybean yield per plant and pod number were the largest,while the coefficient of variation of stem diameter was the smallest.The cumulative contribution rate of the first two principal component factors reached 71.95%,which could reflect the main characteristics of epigenetic information.According to the similarity of agronomic characters,75 germplasms were divided into 7 groups.'PI628946IAC-8'and'H3LJ6j-4'from group 5 and group 6 performed best and were suitable for planting in tropical areas such as Hainan Province.The results of this study could provide a reference for screening or breeding the high-yield soybean germplasm in the tropical regions.

关 键 词：热区 大豆 产量 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]