新见张弁墓志与北魏清河张氏家族  

The Newly Unearthed Zhang Bian’s Epitaph and the Zhang Family in Qinghe in the Northern Wei Dynasty

作　　者：刘军[1] LIU Jun(Institute of Ancient Documents,Jilin University,Changchun,Jilin 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学古籍研究所,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《河北师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第6期74-82,共9页Journal of Hebei Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“中古鲜卑拓跋氏士族化进程研究”(项目编号:19BZS056)。

摘　　要：新出《张弁墓志》有助于研究者了解北魏清河张氏家族的祖源记忆和发展状况,也是透视中古北方门阀士族制度的窗口。志主张弁与传世正史所载清河张氏在朝人物不同,他是在乡势力的代表,其世资门第仅为一般高门,系地方性的州郡姓望。张弁累仕州郡地方政府,迁转境遇远逊同宗在朝者,显现士族内部房支的竞争与分化,反映阀阅流品机制的原理。不过,作为乡里势力,张弁在扫灭叛乱、维护地方统治秩序方面确实发挥了不可替代的作用。该墓志的公布填补了史书记载的空白,贯通了中古清河张氏家族演进史的线路,为北朝阀阅体制及家族史研究提供了宝贵素材。The newly unearthed Zhang Bian’s epitaph is helpful to understand the ancestral memory and development of the Zhang family in Qinghe of the Northern Wei Dynasty(386-534),and it is also a window through which one could get a glimpse into the system of the northern noble families in the Middle Ages.Zhang Bian was different from other Zhang’s figures who held office at court recorded in the official history.As a representative of the local forces,he was only an ordinary nobility,who held office at the county and prefecture level.In terms of official career,he was far inferior than those of the same clan at court,which manifests the competition and differentiation of the house branches within the gentry and reflects the principle of the family status mechanism.However,as a village power,Zhang Bian did play an irreplaceable role in eradicating rebellions and maintaining the local ruling order.The publication of the epitaph fills the gap in the historical records,connects the research line of the evolution history of the Zhang family in Qinghe in the Middle Ages,and provides valuable materials for the study of the family status mechanism and family history in the Northern Dynasties.

关 键 词：张弁墓志 北魏 清河张氏 门阀士族 阀阅流品 

分 类 号：K239.21[历史地理—历史学]