纳米模拟酶在活性氧检测中的应用研究进展  

Progress in application of nano-mimetic enzymes in reactive oxygen species detection

作　　者：丁亚新 吴鹏 赵雪伶[1,2] 陈诚 林东海[1,2] DING Yaxin;WU Peng;ZHAO Xueling;CHEN Cheng;LIN Donghai(School of Energy and Materials,Shanghai Polytechnic University,Shanghai 201209,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Thermal Functional Materials,Shanghai 201209,China)

机构地区：[1]上海第二工业大学能源与材料学院,上海201209 [2]上海先进热功能材料工程技术研究中心,上海201209

出　　处：《材料工程》2023年第11期23-33,共11页Journal of Materials Engineering

基　　金：上海市科委扬帆计划(17YF1406600);上海市教委晨光计划(18CG68)。

摘　　要：活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)是一种具有强反应活性的物质,主要包括羟基自由基(·OH)、超氧阴离子自由基(·O_(2)^(-))和过氧化氢(H2O2)等。哺乳动物体内活性氧的浓度异常会引发严重疾病,如糖尿病、癌症、肿瘤和一些神经退行性疾病。因此人们对ROS的检测关注度不断提高,并提出了对于ROS检测传感器的开发需要考虑的问题(如生物相容性、检测方式的稳定性、不同种类ROS的差异性等)。过去人们开发出了基于天然酶的电化学传感器,但是天然酶存在制备复杂、提纯困难、催化活性低和稳定性差等缺点,限制了其研究与应用。近年来,众多研究发现纳米模拟酶具有独特的催化活性、选择性和稳定性等类酶性质,可以广泛用于构建检测活性氧的电化学生物传感器。本文主要介绍了近期用于检测·O_(2)^(-),H_(2)O_(2)和·OH的纳米模拟酶传感器,生命科学领域通过检测活性氧提前预防相关疾病,在环境污染防治领域可用于活性氧含量的定量检测。Reactive oxygen species(ROS)as the substances with strong reactive activity,mainly include hydroxyl radicals(·OH),superoxide anion radicals(·O-2)and hydrogen peroxide(H2O2).Abnormal concentration of reactive oxygen species in mammals can cause serious diseases such as diabetes,cancer,tumors and some neurodegenerative diseases.Therefore,an increasing interest in the detection of ROS and issues was focused on and the consideration of the development of ROS detection sensors(e.g.,biocompatibility,stability of the detection method,variability of different types of ROS,etc.)were raised.In the past,electrochemical sensors based on natural enzymes have been developed,but the drawbacks of natural enzymes such as complicated preparation,difficult purification,poor catalytic activity and stability,which limit their research and application.In recent years,numerous studies have found that nano-mimetic enzymes have unique enzyme-like properties such as catalytic activity,selectivity and stability,which can be widely used to construct electrochemical biosensors for the detection of reactive oxygen species.Recent nano-mimetic enzyme sensors for the detection of·O-2,H2O2 and·OH were focused in this paper,which are used in the field of life sciences to prevent related diseases in advance through the detection of reactive oxygen species,and can be used in the field of environmental pollution prevention and control for the quantitative detection of reactive oxygen species content.

关 键 词：活性氧 纳米材料 纳米模拟酶 电化学检测 传感器 

分 类 号：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]