不同树龄107杨次生木质部解剖特征及径向变化  

Radial variation and anatomical structures in secondary xylem for different tree ages of Populus × euramericana cv.“74/76”

作　　者：吕瑶 刘智[1] 郭梦杰 LYU Yao;LIU Zhi;GUO Mengjie(College of Forestry,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《林业与生态科学》2023年第4期399-410,共12页Forestry and Ecological Sciences

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金(C2020204074);河北农业大学自主培养人才科研专项(PY201811)。

摘　　要：为探究不同树龄107杨(Populus×euramericana cv.“74/76”)次生木质部早材和晚材中导管细胞结构与变化趋势,采用生物显微切片成像方法测量不同树龄107杨次生木质部解剖特征,并对试验数据进行了方差分析。对保定市满城区林场3年龄(3 a)、5年龄(5 a)、7年龄(7 a)、10年龄(10 a)4个不同树龄107杨的早材和晚材中导管细胞径向变化规律进行了初步研究。研究结果表明:(1)107杨次生木质部年轮宽度由髓心至第3年生长轮增加迅速,之后呈缓慢减小趋势,快速生长期为3-7年;晚材率从髓心向韧皮部呈逐渐增大趋势,变化范围为4.67%~8.70%,其晚材率较低;(2)3年龄、5年龄、7年龄的早材、晚材导管细胞中,径、弦向直径随生长轮龄增加逐渐增大,而10年龄导管细胞中径、弦向直径呈先增大后降低趋势。不同树龄早材、晚材中,导管细胞双壁厚、管孔链径向和弦向直径随生长轮龄增加逐渐增大,而壁腔比随生长轮龄增加逐渐降低,其变化范围分别为0.12~0.18、0.16~0.25。3年龄早材中,导管比量随生长轮龄增加呈小幅上升趋势,晚材则呈下降趋势,5年龄、7年龄、10年龄随生长轮龄增加而先增加后逐渐降低,其变化范围分别为15.21%~19.87%、13.96%~17.17%。(3)不同树龄生长轮龄之间,107杨导管细胞解剖结构径向变化均存在显著性差异。根据这些差异特征和数据结合用材林木木材微观解剖结构指标要求,可以作为107杨定向培育周期与采伐时间的判断依据;综上所述,人工林杨树在幼龄林阶段,如果培育大径材林为目标,最佳轮伐期在10年龄;如果培育中、小径材林为目标,最佳轮伐期在7年龄。In order to study vessel cell structure and its change trend in the different ages 107(Populus × euramericana cv.“74/76”) of the secondary xylem earlywood and latewood timber,and it was the anatomical characteristics of secondary xylem in different tree ages 107 poplar that measured by microscopic imaging technology for slice specimen,and the experimental data was analyzed by variance analysis.In this study,the radial changes of vessel cells in earlywood and latewood of 107 poplar at different ages of 3(3 a),5(5 a),7(7 a) and 10(10 a) in a forest farm in Mancheng District of Baoding City were studied.The results showed that:(1) The width value of annual rings was increased rapidly from the pith to the 3rd year,and then showed the trend of reduction with a rapid growth period during 3 to 7 years for 107 poplar trees;The latewood percentage was gradually increased from pith to the phloem,and the value of variation range was 4.67%-8.70% and the rate of latewood was low.(2) It gradually increased with the increasing age of the growth ring that the tangential and radial diameter of vessel cells in the 3 years,5 years,7 years earlywood and latewood,but that in 10 years showed an increasing trend first and then a decreasing trend.It gradually rised with the increase of the growth wheel age that the thickness of the double wall of the vessel,pore chain radial diameter and pore chain tangential diameter in the earlywood and latewood of different ages.The wall-cavity ratio gradually decreased with the increase of the growth ring age,and the value of variation range was 0.12-0.18 and 0.16-0.25,respectively.It showed that slight upward trend with the increase of growth ring age for the vessel cells ratio in earlywood of 3 years polar trees,and a trend of reduction for ones in latewood,and a trend of reduction with the increasing age of growth ring for the vessels ratio in earlywood and latewood of 5 years,7 years and 10 years,its value of variation range was 15.21%-19.87% and 13.96%-17.17%,respectively.(3) It significan

关 键 词：107杨 次生木质部 早材 晚材 导管 

分 类 号：S781.3[农业科学—木材科学与技术]