“辽宁1号”核桃叶片和种仁营养成分与土壤营养的关系  

Relationship between nutrient composition of leaves and kernels of "Liaoning No.1" Juglans regia and soil nutrition

作　　者：孙妍 张泽宇 王芳 冯启科 王红霞[1] 安秀红 SUN Yan;ZHANG Zeyu;WANG Fang;FENG Qike;WANG Hongxia;AN Xiuhong(Mountainous Areas Research Institute,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;College of Horticulture,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;Hebei Xiongrian Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Bureau,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学山区研究所,河北保定071000 [2]河北农业大学园艺学院,河北保定071000 [3]河北雄县综合行政执法局,河北保定071000

出　　处：《林业与生态科学》2023年第4期411-417,共7页Forestry and Ecological Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1001603);河北农业大学引进人才科研专项(YJ2021006)。

摘　　要：为了全面分析“辽宁1号”核桃产量与品质的影响因素,选择河北省核桃主产区5个核桃园为调查对象,对树体生长指标、叶片营养、种仁营养以及土壤营养状况进行差异显著和相关性分析。结果表明,武安果园地处山地丘陵,产量最低,其树高、干周、枝展、结果枝长、营养枝长以及成枝力都显著低于其他4个生产果园;唐县果园地处平地,产量最高,树高、干周、枝展以及成枝力都显著高于其他4个果园。不同地区核桃园的土壤有机质、磷和钙元素差异较大,全氮含量没有显著差别;不同立地条件下核桃叶片的SPAD值和叶片面积存在差异。武安果园叶片氮元素含量最高,为2.75%,唐县果园各叶片矿质元素较为均衡。武安核桃园种仁营养元素含量与叶片一样分布不均衡,脂肪、多酚和黄酮含量显著高于其他果园,赞皇果园蛋白质含量最高,但与其他果园差距不大。土壤全氮量与核桃结果枝长、种仁蛋白量、全磷量成显著正相关。整体形成树干粗壮,枝条旺盛的高壮树更利于“辽宁1号”产量的提升,且该品种更适宜在土层深厚的平地栽植。In order to comprehensively analyze the influencing factors of "Liaoning No.1" Juglans regia yield and quality,this study selected five J.regia orchards in the main J.regia orchards of Hebei Province as the objects of investigation,and conducted significant and correlation analysis on tree growth indicators,leaf nutrition,kernel nutrition and soil nutrition.The results showed that the orchard in Wuan was located in hills and the yield was the lowest level.In addition,the tree height,stem circumference,branch spread,length of fruiting branch,vegetative branch and branch-forming ability were significantly lower than those of other four J.regia orchards.The orchard in Tangxian was located in the flat land with the highest yield.Tree height,stem circumference,branch spread and branch-forming ability were significantly higher than those of other four orchards.Contents of organic matter,phosphorus and calcium elements in soil were different,however,the total nitrogen content was not significantly different in different orchards.In addition,the SPAD value and leaf area of J.regia leaves were also different in five orchards.The nitrogen content of leaves in Wuan orchard was the highest,which was 2.75%.The mineral elements of leaves in Tangxian orchard were relatively balanced.The nutritive element contents in the kernel were unevenly distributed as that in the leaves,and the contents of fat,polyphenols and flavonoids were significantly higher than those in other orchards.The protein content of Zanhuang orchard was the highest,but there was little difference with other orchards.The total nitrogen content of soil was significantly positively correlated with the fruiting branch length,kernel protein content and total phosphorus content.The overall formation of tall and strong trees with thick trunks and vigorous branches was more conducive to the increase of yield,"Liaoning 1" tree was more suitable for planting on the flat land with deep soil layer.

关 键 词：核桃 矿质营养 叶片养分 果实品质 相关性分析 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]