基于灰色关联理论深孔切割槽爆破块度影响因素分析及参数优化  

Influencing Factors Analysis and Parameter Optimization for Rock Fragmentation by Deep⁃Hole Cut Blasting Based on Grey Correlation Analysis

作　　者：林杰[1,2] 刘少光 李广斌 楼晓明[1,2] 韩启民 LIN Jie;LIU Shaoguang;LI Guangbin;LOU Xiaoming;HAN Qimin(Zijin College of Geology and Mining,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,Fujian,China;Institute of Explosive Technology,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,Fujian,China;Ningde Public Security Bureau,Ningde 352100,Fujian,China;Wulatehouqi Zijin Mining Co Ltd,Bayannur 015500,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学紫金地质与矿业学院,福建福州350108 [2]福州大学爆破技术研究所,福建福州350108 [3]宁德市公安局,福建宁德352100 [4]乌拉特后旗紫金矿业有限公司,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015500

出　　处：《矿冶工程》2023年第5期6-10,共5页Mining and Metallurgical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52109124);乌后紫金采场深孔回采爆破控制技术研究项目(01612203)。

摘　　要：以内蒙古三贵口铅锌矿为背景,利用理论分析、图像处理和工程试验等技术手段对地下深孔切割槽爆破块度影响因素及参数优化开展研究。首先针对现场粉矿率高、平均块度小等问题,开展了爆破块度影响因素试验并采集现场数据,利用Split-Desktop 4.0软件处理试验爆堆图像;然后运用灰色关联理论确定影响爆破块度的主次因素;最后利用趋势分析法并结合现场实际情况,确定爆破参数优化方案,并进行工程试验验证。结果表明,该矿山切割槽粉矿率主要受排间延期时间和孔距影响,平均块度主要受孔距和排数影响;优化后的爆破参数为:孔距1.2 m,排距1.5 m,抵抗线0.8 m,爆破排数3排,4孔孔间延期时间分别为13、0、9、18 ms,排间延期时间42 ms,该参数条件下爆破粉矿率降低了27.19%,平均块度提高了62.89%。With Sanguikou Lead Zinc Mine in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region taken for study,the influencing factors and parameter optimization for rock fragmentation by deep⁃hole cut blasting were explored by performing theoretical analysis,image processing and engineering tests.Firstly,in view of the problems of high fines generation rate and small fragment size on average,the factors influencing blasting fragmentation were tested and field data were collected.Also,image processing and analysis were performed for the muckpile in the test by using Split⁃Desktop 4.0 software.Then,the primary and secondary factors affecting blasting fragmentation were determined based on grey correlation analysis.Finally,an optimal scheme of blasting parameters was determined by using trend analysis based on actual situation of the site,and was then verified in the practical engineering test.The results show that the fines generation rate by the cut blasting in the mine is mainly affected by the delay time between rows and the borehole spacing,and the average fragment size is mainly affected by the borehole spacing and the number of rows for blasting.The optimized blasting parameters are finally determined as follows:borehole spacing of 1.2 m,row spacing of 1.5 m,burden of 0.8 m,3 rows of boreholes,delay interval of 13 ms,0 ms,9 ms and 18 ms,respectively,between 4 holes,and a delay interval of 42 ms between rows.With the above⁃mentioned parameters,the blasting can result in the fines generation rate down by 27.19%and the average fragment size up by 62.89%.

关 键 词：深孔爆破 切割槽 灰色关联理论 爆破块度 粉矿率 平均块度 影响因素 参数优化 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]