科普级望远镜的天文观测与科学研究  

Astronomical Observation and Scientific Research of Popular Science Telescope

作　　者：陈勋浩 吴宏[1,2] 慕海洋 Chen Xunhao;Wu Hong;Mu Haiyang(National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;School of Astronomy and Space Science,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家天文台,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院,北京100049

出　　处：《天文研究与技术》2023年第6期606-617,共12页Astronomical Research & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(12090040,12090041)资助.

摘　　要：采用科普级小望远镜Sky-Watcher 150PDS并配置了业余级的ZWO ASI120MM-S互补金属氧化物半导体(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor,CMOS)相机进行天文观测测试,以探讨科普设备进行专业天文观测和科学研究的可行性。首先测试了CMOS相机的基本性能和参数曲线,测试结果满足专业天文观测的基本要求。随后,在国家天文台兴隆观测基地,将CMOS相机安装在科普望远镜上进行基本的天文观测测试。观测了疏散星团M35、短周期变星V*V2455Cyg,并获得了相应的测光辅助图像(本底、平场等)。经过专业天文图像预处理方法处理后,对目标源进行天体测量定标、天体光度测量和流量定标,并给出了测光结果、光变曲线和简单的周期分析。将测光结果与已知星表对比,得到的测光精度优于0.02 mag,并得到较差测光精度约为0.005 mag。测试结果说明科普级望远镜与CMOS相机具备进行天文科学观测与研究的能力,这意味着中小学生和天文爱好者也有机会加入天文科学观测和研究中。We conducted a test using the popular science telescope,Sky-Watcher 150PDS,and the amateur-grade ZWO ASI120MM-S CMOS camera to explore the feasibility of using popular science equipment for professional astronomical observation and scientific research.Initially,we evaluated the basic performance and parameter curves of the CMOS camera,which met the fundamental requirements for professional astronomical observation.Subsequently,we installed the CMOS camera on the Sky-Watcher telescope and performed basic astronomical observations at the Xinglong Observatory,NAOC.We observed the open cluster M35 and the short-period variable star V*V2455 Cyg,while acquiring the necessary photometric auxiliary images(bias and flat).The acquired data underwent professional astronomical image processing techniques,including astrometric calibration,aperture photometry,and flux calibration.This allowed us to obtain the photometric data,light curve,and performed a simple period analysis for the observed targets.By comparing our photometric results with known star catalogs,we determined that the photometric precision of our system exceeded 0.02 mag,with a differential photometric precision of approximately 0.005 mag.These results demonstrate the capability of popular science telescopes and CMOS cameras for conducting astronomical observations and research.Consequently,this opens opportunities for primary and secondary school students as well as astronomy enthusiasts to actively participate in astronomical scientific observation and research.

关 键 词：科普望远镜 CMOS 天文观测 测光精度 较差测光 

分 类 号：P111.2[天文地球—天文学]