基于体积扫描容重法的社区垃圾分类系统研究  

Community Garbage Sorting System Based on Measurement of Volume and Bulk Density

作　　者：张莉彦[1] 钱育浩 罗伟 陈鹏鹏 葛春玲 谢鹏程[1] ZHANG Li-yan;QIAN Yu-hao;LUO Wei;CHEN Peng-peng;GE Chun-ling;XIE Peng-cheng(Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China;Citic Environmental Technology Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 511466,China;Beijing Jinghuan Wisdom Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100020,China;Beijing City Mineral Resources Development Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100020,China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学,北京100029 [2]中信环境技术有限公司,广州511466 [3]北京京环智慧环保科技有限公司,北京100020 [4]北京城市矿产资源开发有限公司,北京100020

出　　处：《包装工程》2023年第21期221-228,共8页Packaging Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1906105)。

摘　　要：目的响应国家垃圾分类政策,通过设计社区生活垃圾分类设备检测系统,提高分类正确率,改善“混投乱投”的现状,从源头提高城市垃圾分类投递的准确性。方法结合现有针对垃圾容重区间划分方法和多种评价标准,总结归纳各类垃圾的容重阈值划分区间,并将其作为垃圾分类的判断方法。设计体积检测模块,利用激光测距传感器点阵获得待测物切片遮挡图和截面积,并计算待测物体积,结合称重传感器计算待测物容重,并依据容重区间对待测物进行分类判断。结果根据容重阈值分类标准,对多种随机样本进行检测。绝大多数可回收物和厨余垃圾的容重检测值在各分类的容重阈值内,可以被正确分类;其余样本在混合垃圾容重阈值内,符合边界条件设定和模糊垃圾的样本按其他垃圾标准处理的分选原则,检测结果符合分类要求。结论基于体积扫描检测容重的社区生活垃圾分类系统可以满足居民前端投递环节中对生活垃圾分类检测的需求,有助于提高源头分类的准确性,能有效推进我国垃圾分类和再生资源利用工作的发展。The work aims to design a detection system of community domestic garbage sorting equipment to respond to the trend of national garbage sorting policy,improve the sorting accuracy,change the current situation of"mixing and throwing",increase the accuracy of urban garbage sorting and delivery from the source.Combined with the existing garbage sorting methods of bulk density threshold and multiple evaluation criteria,the bulk density threshold of each type of garbage was summarized as a judgment method of garbage sorting.The volume detection module was designed,which used the laser ranging sensor lattice to obtain the occlusion map and cross-sectional area of the object to be measured,and calculated the volume of the object to be measured,and calculated the bulk density of the object to be measured in combination with the weighing sensor,and classified and judged the object to be measured according to the bulk density interval.According to the sorting standard of bulk density threshold,a variety of random samples were detected.The bulk density detection values of most recyclables and kitchen garbage were within the bulk density threshold of each category and could be correctly sorted.The remaining samples were within the bulk density threshold of mixed garbage,which conformed to the principle of boundary condition setting and fuzzy garbage samples were treated according to other garbage standards,and the test results met the sorting requirements.The community domestic garbage sorting system based on measurement of volume and bulk density can meet the function of sorting and detecting domestic garbage in the front-end delivery of residents,help to improve the accuracy of sorting from the source,and effectively promote the development of garbage sorting and renewable resource utilization in China.

关 键 词：垃圾分类 容重 检测技术 智能分类设备 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TP274.3[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]