基于油酸钙胶体和矿物表面转化的石灰法浮选机理新见解  

Novel insights into the mechanism of lime method based on calcium dioleate and mineral surface transformation

作　　者：孙文娟 韩海生 孙伟 王若林 SUN Wen-juan;HAN Hai-sheng;SUN Wei;WANG Ruo-lin(School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Hunan International Joint Research Center for Efficient and Clean Utilization of Critical Metal Mineral Resources,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Technology Research Center of Hunan Province for Comprehensive Utilization of Associated Fluorite and Fluorine Chemical Engineering,Chenzhou 423037,China;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,China)

机构地区：[1]School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China [2]Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China [3]Hunan International Joint Research Center for Efficient and Clean Utilization of Critical Metal Mineral Resources,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China [4]Technology Research Center of Hunan Province for Comprehensive Utilization of Associated Fluorite and Fluorine Chemical Engineering,Chenzhou 423037,China [5]School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,China

出　　处：《Journal of Central South University》2023年第9期2983-2992,共10页中南大学学报（英文版）

基　　金：Project(2022YFC2905105) supported by the National Key Research Center and Development Program during the 14th Five-Year Plan Period,China;Projects(52122406, 52004337) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China;Project(2022GK4056) supported by the Hunan High-tech Industry Technology Innovation Leading Plan,China;Project(2020RC3001) supported by the Hunan Innovative Province Construction Special Project,China;Project(CX20220200) supported by the Hunan Postgraduate Research and Innovation Project,China。

摘　　要：石灰法是最常用的白钨矿浮选工艺之一,可以实现白钨矿、萤石和方解石的浮选分离。石灰水解释放的大量钙离子容易与脂肪酸阴离子形成油酸钙胶体,而石灰法的经典作用机理却忽略了这一点。溶液化学计算表明,油酸钙胶体是石灰法矿浆中的主要作用成分。石灰法中,由于表面转化反应增强,萤石表面被碳酸钙覆盖,表面性质与方解石表面相似。石灰法矿浆中油酸钙胶体的粒度为100~600 nm,石灰用量对其粒度和粒度分布有显著影响。油酸钙胶体在白钨矿表面发生选择性吸附,而在萤石表面的吸附因表面转化反应而减弱。油酸钙在白钨矿表面的选择性吸附解释了石灰法的优异选择性,萤石向方解石的表面转化反应进一步增强了石灰法矿浆中的油酸钙选择性。石灰法的新作用机理补充了油酸钙在浮选中的作用,进一步完善了之前的经典作用机理。The lime method is one of the most common flotation processes,which can achieve flotation separation of scheelite,fluorite and calcite.The large amount of calcium ions released by lime easily formed calcium dioleate colloids with fatty acid anions,which was overlooked in the classical action mechanism of the lime method.The solution chemistry calculations revealed that calcium dioleate colloid was the main action component in the pulp of lime method.The fluorite surface was covered by calcium carbonate as a result of increased surface transformation reactions,and the surface properties were similar to calcite surface.The size of calcium dioleate colloid in lime method slurry was 100−600 nm,and the amount of lime significantly affected its size and size distribution.Selective adsorption of calcium dioleate colloids occurred on the surface of scheelite,and its adsorption effect on the surface of fluorite was weakened due to surface transformation.The excellent selectivity of the lime method was explained by the selective adsorption of calcium dioleate on the surface of scheelite,which was further enhanced by the surface conversion reaction of fluorite to calcite.The new mechanism completes the classical theory by complementing the role of calcium dioleate in lime flotation.

关 键 词：白钨矿 石灰法 油酸钙 表面转化 萤石 方解石 

分 类 号：TD954[矿业工程—选矿] TD923