三种壳色硬壳蛤(Mercenariamercenaria)的生长性状差异及通径分析  

Differences in the growth traits and path analysis of the three shell colors of Mercenaria mercenaria

作　　者：王元宁 李华煜 孟良 李金泽 董诗雨 李永仁 郭永军 张涛[2] WANG Yuan-ning;LI Hua-yu;MENG Liang;LI Jin-ze;DONG Shi-yu;LI Yong-ren;GUO Yong-jun;ZHANG Tao(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-ecology and Aquaculture,Fisheries College,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China;CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院水产学院天津市水产生态及养殖重点实验室,天津300384 [2]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋科学》2023年第8期23-32,共10页Marine Sciences

基　　金：天津市科委项目(20YFZCSN00240);天津市农委项目(202103010);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助(CARS-49);山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目(SF1405303301)。

摘　　要：壳色是影响商品贝类经济价值的重要性状。本研究以不同壳色的硬壳蛤(Mercenaria mercenaria)群体为繁殖亲贝,采用个体间随机交配的方法,成功选育了白、红和杂3种壳色的子代群体,并在池塘培育至360日时测量了其壳长(X1)、壳高(X2)、壳宽(X3)及活体质量(Y),并使用相关性分析、主成分分析和通径分析等方法,探究了不同壳色硬壳蛤在幼虫期和稚贝期的生长性状差异及壳形态性状(壳长、壳高、壳宽)对活体质量的影响。研究结果表明:在幼虫期,与白色和红色群体相比,杂色群体生长速度更快、变态率更高,但存活率低(P<0.05);在稚贝期,白色群体表现出显著的生长优势(P<0.05)。相关性分析结果显示,3种壳色硬壳蛤的壳形态性状(X1、X2、X3)与活体质量(Y)的相关系数均达极显著水平(P<0.01)。主成分分析和通径分析结果表明,硬壳蛤的壳长(X1)是影响其活体质量(Y)的主要因素。本研究结果能够为不同壳色硬壳蛤良种选育提供重要理论依据和基础数据。Shell color is an important characteristic affecting the commercial value of shellfish.In this study,popu-lations of Mercenaria mercenaria with different shell colors were used as breeding parent shellfish,and the progeny populations of white,red,and mottled shell colors were successfully bred by random mating between individuals and were cultivated in a pond for 360 days.The shell length(X1),shell height(X2),shell width(X3),and body mass(Y)were measured,and correlation,principal component and path analyses were used to explore the different shell colors of M.mercenaria.Differences in the growth traits between larval and juvenile clams and the effects of shell morphological traits(X1,X2,and X3)on body mass were assessed.The results showed that the mottled population grew faster and had a higher metamorphosis rate at the larval stage than the white and red populations but had a lower survival rate(P<0.05).The white group had a significant growth advantage at the juvenile stage(P<0.05).The correlation coefficients between the shell morphological traits(X1,X2,and X3)and body mass(Y)of the three shell colors of M.mercenaria all reached a very significant level(P<0.01).The results of principal component and path analyses revealed that the shell length(X1)of M.mercenaria was the main factor affecting its body mass(Y).The results of this study provide an important theoretical basis and basic data for the selection and breeding of dif-ferent shell colors in M.mercenaria.

关 键 词：硬壳蛤(Mercenaria mercenaria) 壳色 生长性状 通径分析 

分 类 号：S968.31[农业科学—水产养殖]