不同剂型哈茨木霉对洛阳烤烟生长发育和产质量的影响  

Effects of Trichoderma harzianum on Growth, Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco in Luoyang

作　　者：宋正熊[1] 刘健豪 李正辉 马君红[1] 赵宏群 武东玲[1] 王宏[1] 刘国顺[2] 殷全玉[2] SONG Zheng-xiong;LIU Jian-hao;LI Zheng-hui(Luoyang Company of Henan Tobacco Company,Luoyang,Henan 471000;Tobacco College,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002)

机构地区：[1]河南省烟草公司洛阳市公司,河南洛阳471000 [2]河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第21期29-36,共8页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省烟草公司洛阳市公司科技项目(2019410300270141)。

摘　　要：为研究不同剂型哈茨木霉对洛阳地区烤烟生长发育、次生代谢及产质量的影响,利用河南农业大学烟草学院微生物实验室筛选的哈茨木霉菌株研发出3种菌剂A、B和C,在洛阳市进行大田试验。结果表明,施用哈茨木霉后烟草的株高、节距和中部叶最大叶面积都有不同程度的增加,烟株总干物质量和烟叶的干物质量都有所增加,烟草黑胫病和根结线虫病发病率都有所下降。施用哈茨木霉后提升了烟叶的糖含量和钾含量,哈茨木霉处理显著增加了烟叶的产量、产值、均价和上等烟比例,剂型C的总有机酸含量最高,主要是苹果酸含量高于其他处理,施用哈茨木霉后西柏三烯二醇的含量都有一定程度的下降。综上,施用不同剂型哈茨木霉菌剂促进了烟株生长发育,改善了烟株的农艺性状,增加了烟株的干物质量,降低了烟草黑胫病和根结线虫病的发病率,施用哈茨木霉后烟叶外观质量更好,增加了烤后烟叶的糖含量和钾含量,增加了烟叶的产量、产值和上等烟比例;木霉促进光合代谢,有机酸含量增加,对生物碱影响不大,降低了腺毛分泌物的含量,其中以哈茨木霉剂型C的效果最佳。In order to study the effects of different dosage forms of Trichoderma harzianum on the growth,secondary metabolism and yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco in Luoyang area,three fungicides A,B and C were developed using T.harzianum strains screened by Microbiology Laboratory of Tobacco College of Henan Agricultural University,and field experiments were carried out in Luoyang City.The results showed that the plant height,pitch and maximum leaf area of middle leaves of tobacco increased in varying degrees.The total dry weight of tobacco plants and the dry weight of tobacco leaves increased after T.harzianum application,and the incidence of tobacco black shank and root knot nematode disease decreased.The application of T.harzianum increased the sugar content and potassium content of tobacco leaves.T.harzianum treatment significantly increased the yield,output value,average price and the proportion of superior tobacco leaves.The total organic acid content of dosage form C was the highest,mainly because the malic acid content was higher than that of T.harzianum treatment.After the application of T.harzianum,the content of cetrienol decreased to a certain extent.In conclusion,the application of different dosage forms of T.harzianum promoted the growth and development of tobacco plants,improved the agronomic traits of tobacco plants,increased the dry matter quality of tobacco plants,and reduced the incidence of tobacco black shank and root knot nematode disease.After the application of T.harzianum,the appearance quality of tobacco leaves was better,the sugar content and potassium content of cured tobacco leaves were increased,and the yield,output value and proportion of superior tobacco leaves were increased.Trichoderma spp.promoted photosynthetic metabolism,increased the content of organic acids,had a little effects on alkaloids,and reduced the content of glandular trichome secretion.T.harzianum dosage form C showed the best effect.

关 键 词：哈茨木霉 菌剂 生长发育 次生代谢 烟草 洛阳 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]