不同N、P、K水平对砂生槐组培苗生长发育及养分转运的影响  

Effects of different N,P and K levels on growth and nutrient transport of tissue cultured seedlings of Sophora moorcroftiana

作　　者：唐正春 魏小红 TANG Zheng-chun;WEI Xiao-hong(College of life science and technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Key Laboratory of Crop Science in arid habitats jointly built by provinces and ministries,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Key Laboratory of Crop Science in arid habitats,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]省部共建干旱生境作物学重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2023年第5期144-151,共8页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060401);甘肃农业大学科技创新基金(GAU-KYQD-2020-7);甘肃农业大学干旱生境作物学重点实验室开放基金课题(GSCS-2021-10)。

摘　　要：【目的】通过研究不同氮、磷、钾配比对砂生槐(Sophora moorcroftiana)生长发育、养分积累、转运效率和利用率的影响,找到最适施肥配比。【方法】采用砂生槐组培扩繁苗,采用L9(34)正交设计,探究不同水平N(150、300、450 mg/L)、P(50、100、150 mg/L)、K(100、200、300 mg/L)配施对砂生槐组培苗生长发育及养分转运的影响。【结果】1)施肥处理对砂生槐幼苗地径生长没有显著影响,但是能显著使幼苗长高,比CK增高了18.2%~61.3%,处理后幼苗根、茎、叶生物量都显著高于CK,分别增高了38.6%~121.7%、76.6%~156.6%、46.5%~158.5%。2)氮磷钾不同配比会影响砂生槐幼苗各器官内的养分积累,N_(3)P_(3)K_(2)处理能显著提高砂生槐幼苗体内的氮含量,比CK增高了116.6%;N_(1)P_(2)K_(2)、N_(1)P_(3)K_(1)处理能提高砂生槐幼苗体内的磷含量,比CK增高了149.2%、119.7%;N_(1)P_(3)K_(1)、N_(3)P_(3)K_(2)处理能提高砂生槐体内的钾含量,比CK提高了163.1%、186.9%。3)N_(1)P_(2)K_(2)处理下,氮的转运效率最高可达120%;N_(1)P_(1)K_(1)处理下,磷的转运效率可达69%;N_(3)P_(2)K_(1)处理下,钾的转运效率最高可达94%。(4)N_(3)P_(3)K_(2)处理的氮利用率最高可达38.9%,N_(1)P_(2)K_(2)处理的磷利用率最高可达49.7%,N_(3)P_(3)K_(2)处理的钾利用率最高可达62.3%。【结论】施氮量450 mg/L、施磷量150 mg/L、施钾量200 mg/L,氮磷钾配比为9∶3∶4时,最有利于砂生槐幼苗的生长。【Objective】Sophora moorcroftiana serves multiple purposes,as it is not only an important medicinal plant,but also a preferred crop for wind⁃break,sand⁃fixing,water and soil conservation and an ornamental plant.To determine the optimum ratio of fertilizer application,this research investigated the effects of different ratios of N,P and K on the growth,nutrient accumulation,transport efficiency and utilization of S.moorcroftiana.【Method】In this paper,L9(34)orthogonal design was used for tissue culture and propagation of S.moorcroftiana.This study examined the effects of different levels of N(150,300,450 mg/L),P(50,100,150 mg/L),K(100,200,300 mg/L)on the growth and nutrient transport of S.moorcroftiana.【Result】1)Fertilization had no significant effect on the diameter growth of S.moorcroftiana seedlings.However it increased the height of seedlings by 18.2%~61.3%compared to the control(CK).Moreover,the biomass of roots,stems and leaves of seedlings significantly exceeded that of the CK,increasing by 38.6%~121.7%,76.6%~156.6%and 46.5%~158.5%respectively.2)Different ratios of N,P and K affected the accumulation of nutrients in different organs of S.moorcroftiana seedlings.N_(3)P_(3)K_(2) treatment significantly increased the nitrogen content of in S.moorcroftiana seedlings by 116.6%.N_(1)P_(2)K_(2) and N_(1)P_(3)K_(1) treatment in⁃creased the phosphorus content.Furthermore,the K contents in S.moorcroftianaincreased by 149.2%and 119.7%treated with N_(1)P_(3)K_(1) and N_(3)P_(3)K_(2) respectively.In addition,and the K contents of in S.moorcroftiana increased by 163.1%and 186.9%treated with N_(1)P_(3)K_(1) and N_(3)P_(3)K_(2) respectively.3)Under the treatment of N_(1)P_(2)K_(2),the transfer ef⁃ficiency of nitrogen reached 120%,phosphorus reached 69%under the treatment of N_(1)P_(1)K_(1),and potassium reached 94%under the treatment of N_(3)P_(2)K_(1).4)The highest nitrogen use efficiency was achieved with N_(3)P_(3)K_(2) at 38.9%,the highest phosphorus use efficiency with N_(1)P_(2)K_(2) at 49.7%,and th

关 键 词：砂生槐 组培苗 生长发育 养分积累 转运效率 利用率 氮磷钾 

分 类 号：S793.9[农业科学—林木遗传育种]