江苏淮北地区小麦种质资源的多性状评价及相关性分析  

Evaluation and Correlation Analysis of Multiple Traits of Wheat Germplasm Resources in Huaibei Area of Jiangsu Province

作　　者：潘丽媛 王永军[1] 李海军[1] 李丽丽[1] 侯富 李菁 孙苏阳[1] PAN Liyuan;WANG Yongjun;LI Haijun;LI Lili;HOU Fu;LI Jing;SUN Suyang(Jiangsu Xuhuai Area Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences/Huai’an Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Huai’an 223001,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所/淮安市农业生物技术重点实验室/农业农村部淮河下游种质创制重点实验室,江苏淮安223001

出　　处：《大麦与谷类科学》2023年第5期18-23,44,共7页Barley and Cereal Sciences

基　　金：淮安市自然科学研究计划(HAB202078);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金[CX(21)3104];淮安市农业科学研究院发展基金(HNY202007);江苏省种业振兴“揭榜挂帅”项目[JBGS(2021)051]。

摘　　要：解析小麦种质资源的遗传多样性及育成品种年代差异,可为小麦新品种选育和遗传基础研究提供参考。本研究以包含种质材料和育成品种的1098份小麦种质资源为材料,对生育期性状(抽穗期、扬花期)、株型性状(株高、穗长、穗下节长)、籽粒性状(水分含量、硬度指数、容重、出粉率、吸水率)及品质性状(粗蛋白含量、湿面筋含量、延伸性、拉伸面积、形成时间、稳定时间、沉降值)共计17个性状进行变异分析、相关性分析、聚类分析和单因素分析。表型变异分析表明,该群体农艺性状中穗下节长变异系数最大(51.22%),品质性状的稳定时间变异系数最大(84.82%),抽穗期、扬花期和容重变异系数较小,分别为2.63%、1.98%和1.69%。相关性分析结果表明,粗蛋白含量和湿面筋含量的相关性系数最高(0.98),株型性状与籽粒品质性状之间相关性较低,均未达到显著水平。聚类分析结果表明,该群体可分为4个类群,其中I类中60.11%的材料来源于2015—2019年间育成的品种。2001—2010年间的育成品种较为均匀地分布在不同类群中。不同年代的种质材料和育成品种的差异分析表明,株高、吸水率和沉降值受到较大的选择,但其他性状的遗传改良水平较大。以上结果表明,该群体的遗传变异丰富,可作为遗传研究和优异材料筛选的基因库。In order to analyze the genetic diversity of wheat germplasm resources and the difference of cultivated varieties from different ages,and to provide basis for the breeding and genetic basic research of wheat varieties,1098 wheat germplasm resources including germplasm materials and cultivated varieties were used.The variation analysis,correlation analysis,cluster analysis and single factor analysis were performed for 17 traits including growth stage traits(heading stage and flowering stage),plant type traits(plant height,ear length and subear length),grain traits(water content,hardness index,bulk density,flour yield and water absorption)and quality traits(crude protein content,wet gluten content,extensibility,stretch area,formation time,stability time and settling value).Phenotypic variation analysis showed that the coefficient of variation of subpanicle length was the largest(51.22%)in the agronomic traits,the coefficient of variation of stability time of quality traits was the largest(84.82%),and the coefficient of variation at heading,flowering and unit weight was small(2.63%,1.98%and 1.69%).The correlation analysis results showed that the correlation coefficient between crude protein and wet gluten was the highest(0.98),and the correlation between plant type traits and grain quality traits was low,reaching a significant level.The results of cluster analysis showed that the population could be divided into four groups,among which 60.11%of the materials in Class I were derived from the varieties bred between 2015 and 2019.The cultivated varieties from 2001 to 2010 were evenly distributed in different groups.The difference analysis of germplasm materials and cultivated varieties in different ages showed that plant height,water absorption and settlement value were selected more,but the genetic improvement level of other traits was higher.These results indicate that this population is rich in genetic variation and can be used as a gene bank for genetic research and screening of excellent materials.

关 键 词：小麦 种质资源 多性状 相关性 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]