中低温水溶淀粉的制备及其在牛仔纱线上浆中的应用  

Preparation of medium and low temperature water soluble starch and its application in sizing of denim yarn

作　　者：孟雨辰 刘明远 王黎明 权震震 覃小红[1,2] 崔运花[1,2] MENG Yuchen;LIU Mingyuan;WANG Limingv;QUAN Zhenzhen;QIN Xiaohong;CUI Yunhua(Key Laboratory of Textile Science&Technology,Ministry of Education,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;College of Textiles,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学纺织面料技术教育部重点实验室,上海201620 [2]东华大学纺织学院,上海201620

出　　处：《东华大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期55-62,共8页Journal of Donghua University(Natural Science)

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)项目(2021CXGC011004)。

摘　　要：针对传统淀粉类浆料需高温调制才能应用于牛仔纱线上浆的不足,为提升淀粉类浆料成膜柔韧性与力学性能,先酸解预处理原淀粉得到酸解淀粉(HS),再利用N-2,3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵(GTA)醚化改性,制备中低温水溶性淀粉并应用于牛仔纱线上浆。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)与核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)分析淀粉醚化前后基团变化,借助X射线衍射仪(XRD)检测浆料的结晶度,利用热重分析(TGA)表征改性前后淀粉的热稳定性,并通过扫描电镜(SEM)与偏光显微镜(PLM)观察上浆前后牛仔纱线的表面形貌。探究GTA与淀粉中葡萄糖单元(AGU)摩尔比对淀粉取代度、反应效率、溶解度以及Zeta电位的影响及中低温水溶性淀粉在浆纱中的应用效果。结果表明:酸解醚化处理破坏了淀粉颗粒结构,结晶度降低了44.37%;淀粉与GTA发生了醚化反应,提升了淀粉的热稳定性;当反应温度为55℃、反应时间为1 h、GTA和AGU的摩尔比为0.3时,制备的GTA淀粉(HS-g-GTA)的取代度为0.111,反应效率为55.70%,溶解度为93%;经HS-g-GTA上浆后的牛仔纱线与原纱相比,前者断裂强度提高了40.07%,断裂伸长率提高了11.82%,耐磨次数增加了约4倍,毛羽指数减少了90%。In view of the deficiency of traditional starch sizing that needs high temperature modulation to be applied to denim yarn sizing and in order to improve the film-forming flexibility and mechanical properties,the raw starch was pretreated with acid hydrolysis to obtain hydrolyzed starch(HS),and then HS was modified by etherification with N-2,3-glycidyl trimethyl ammonium chloride(GTA).The change of starch groups before and after etherification was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(1H NMR).X-ray diffractometer(XRD)was used to detect the crystallinity of the sizing.The thermal stability of starch before and after modification was characterized by thermogravimetric analyzer(TGA),and the surface morphology of denim yarn before and after sizing was observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM)or polarizing microscope(PLM).The effects of different molar ratios of GTA to anhydroglucose unit(AGU)in starch on the degree of substitution,reaction efficiency,solubility and Zeta potential were investigated,as well as their effects on the application in sizing.The results show that the treatment of acid hydrolysis and etherification destroys the structure of starch,reduces the crystallinity by 44.37%.The etherification reaction between starch and GTA can improve the thermal stability of starch.When the reaction temperature is 55℃,the reaction time is 1 h,and the molar ratio of GTA to AGU is 0.3,the degree of substitution of the prepared N-2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride GTA starch(HS-g-GTA)can reach 0.111 with 55.70%reaction efficiency of 55.70%and 93.00%solubility of 93%.The sizing denim yarn c Compared with the original yarn,the former has 40.07%higher breaking strength,11.82%higher elongation at break,90.00%lower hairiness index,and 4 times higher abrasion frequency the denim yarn sized by HS-g-GTA showes an increase of 40.07%in breaking strength,11.82%in elogation at break,4 times in abrasion frequency,and a decrease of 90%in hairiness i

关 键 词：中低温水溶性淀粉 牛仔纱线 上浆 取代度 浆纱性能 

分 类 号：TS103.8[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]