朱砂根成熟果实不同部位生理特性与种子胎生的关系  

Relationship between Physiological Characteristics of Different Parts of Mature Fruits and Seed Viviparity of Ardisia crenata

作　　者：赵财宝 王斌[2] 潘曲波 王锦[1] 艾星梅[1] 孙媛媛 Zhao Caibao;Wang Bin;Pan Qubo;Wang Jin;Ai Xingmei;Sun Yuanyuan(College of Landscape and Horticulture,Southwest Forestry University,Southwest Landscape Architecture Engineering Research Center,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Kunming 650224,China;Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学园林园艺学院,国家林业和草原局西南风景园林工程中心,云南昆明650224 [2]云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所,云南昆明650205

出　　处：《中国野生植物资源》2023年第10期1-6,共6页Chinese Wild Plant Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960069);西南林业大学博士科研基金项目(111806)。

摘　　要：研究朱砂根种子胎萌发生与果实不同部位碳水化合物及酶活性的关系,为探讨胎萌发生的生理机制提供依据。以朱砂根胎生与非胎生果实为材料,剥离外果皮、中果皮、内果皮、胚乳以及胎生种子的胚根,分别测定不同部位的蛋白质、可溶性糖、淀粉、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)以及淀粉酶活性,并进行相关性分析。结果表明,朱砂根胎生果实不同部位的蛋白质、可溶性糖和淀粉含量均显著低于非胎生果实,而胚根中的含量均较高;胚根突破种皮后,胎生果实中的SOD和POD酶活性均增加,大多高于非胎生果实,且淀粉含量与SOD呈负相关,与POD呈极显著负相关。此外,无论是胎生还是非胎生果实,以内果皮的α,β-淀粉酶活性最高,但胎生果实均低于非胎生果实,说明淀粉酶对朱砂根果皮中的淀粉发生了水解作用。胎生果实不同部位的碳水化合物可能协同参与胚发育的代谢过程,其含量被降解用作胚的组织分化发育所需的能量,并在胚内积累,同时启动了相应的抗氧化酶防御系统,尤其是内果皮中较高的碳水化合物、淀粉酶与POD酶活性,可能对朱砂根种子的胎萌起重要的调控作用。We aimed to study the relationship between seed viviparity and carbohydrate and enzyme activities in different parts of Ardisia crenata fruit,and provide a basis for exploring the physiological mechanism of embryogenesis.The exocarp,mesocarp,endocarp,endosperm,and radicle of viviparous and non-viviparous fruits of A.crenata were separated,respectively,then measured the contents of soluble protein,soluble sugar and starch,superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)andα,β-amylase activities of each part of the fruit,and analyzed their correlations.The results showed that the protein,soluble sugar,and starch contents in different parts of the viviparous fruit of A.crenata were significantly lower than those in non-viviparous one,while these contents in the radicle were higher;The SOD and POD enzyme activities increased in viviparous fruits after the radicle breaks through the seed coat,and showed higher than those in non-viviparous fruits.Among them,the starch content was negatively correactivities were all highest in the endocarp of viviparous or non-viviparous fruits,but the viviparous fruit was lower than that of non-viviparous one,indicating that the amylase hydrolyzed the starch in the pericarp of A.crenata.In a word,carbohydrates from different parts of viviparous fruits may collaboratively participate in the metabolic process of embryonic development,and their contents were degraded to supply energy for embryo differentiation,and accumulated within the embryo.Simultaneously,the corresponding antioxidant enzyme defense system were activated,especially the higher carbohydrates,amylase,and POD enzyme activity in the endocarp may play an important regulatory role in the embryogenesis of A.crenata seeds.

关 键 词：朱砂根 种子胎生 成熟果实 生理特性 相关性分析 

分 类 号：S686[农业科学—观赏园艺]