石油化工废水生化转化技术与碳减排潜力研究进展  

Research Progress of Biochemical Conversion Technology of Petrochemical Wastewater and Carbon Reduction Potential

作　　者：王月瑶 徐永洞 刘思宇 张家仁 刘志丹 WANG Yueyao;XU Yongdong;LIU Siyu;ZHANG Jiaren;LIU Zhidan(Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy,College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment,Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing 100083,China;PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院环境增值能源实验室,北京100083 [2]农业农村部设施农业工程重点实验室,北京100083 [3]中国石油石油化工研究院,北京102206

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2023年第6期1423-1433,共11页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U21A20162)资助。

摘　　要：化石能源的加工和消耗是中国重要的碳排放来源之一。石油加工过程产生的大量废水中有机物含量高、成分复杂,通过生化技术转化废水回收资源,是实现碳减排和碳中和的重要潜在途径。笔者综述了通过好氧处理、微藻处理、厌氧消化和微生物燃料电池等技术对石油化工废水污染物去除与资源回收的研究进展;分析了4种技术在废水处理过程的碳排放因素;讨论了这4种技术推动碳减排的途径与潜力,其中微藻处理、厌氧消化和微生物燃料电池等新型生化技术具有良好的碳减排发展空间;展望了生化技术处理能源加工废水实现碳减排的研究重点,包括优势微生物探究、处理工艺优化、组合工艺开发与资源循环系统构建等。Processing and consumption of fossil energy is an important source of carbon emissions in China.A large amount of wastewater from petroleum processing has high content of organic matters and complex compositions.Converting wastewater and recycling resources through biotechnology is an important potential way to achieve carbon reduction and carbon neutrality.The paper reviews the research progress about pollutant removal and resource recovery of petrochemical wastewater by use of technologies such as aerobic treatment,microalgae treatment,anaerobic digestion and microbial fuel cell.Meanwhile,the carbon emission factors of four technologies in wastewater treatment process are analyzed,and the path and potential of promoting carbon reduction are also discussed.Among them,new biochemical technologies including microalgae treatment,anaerobic digestion and microbial fuel cell show good development potential for carbon reduction.Finally,the research focus of carbon reduction in the treatment of energy processing wastewater by biochemical technologies is prospected,including the exploration of dominant microorganisms,optimization of treatment process,development of combined processes,and construction of resource recycling system.

关 键 词：石油化工废水 生化技术 资源回收 碳减排 碳中和 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]