含有害气体的育雏鸡舍小气候模型构建与仿真  

Construction and simulation of microclimate models for broiler chicken house containing harmful gases

作　　者：王立杰 温鹏[1] 魏征 耿玉旗 李丽华[1,3] 霍利民 Wang Lijie;Wen Peng;Wei Zheng;Geng Yuqi;Li Lihua;Huo Limin(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;Kechang Electric Appliance Co.,LTD,Baoding 071000,China;Key Laboratory of Meat and Layer Breeding Facilities Engineer-ing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学机电工程学院,河北保定071000 [2]科畅电气有限公司,河北保定071000 [3]农业农村部肉蛋鸡养殖设施工程重点实验室,河北保定071000

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期103-118,共16页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31902209);河北省重点研发计划项目(20327307D);河北省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队(HBCT2018150208)。

摘　　要：[目的]育雏鸡舍内温度、湿度以及有害气体浓度等环境因素影响雏鸡的生长发育,而构建育雏鸡舍内环境逐时动态变化小气候仿真模型可精准模拟舍内环境。[方法]根据舍内外环境条件、鸡舍的建筑结构和热特性、动物生理和边界条件,采用双膜理论原理和CO_(2)平衡原理建立有害气体浓度(NH3和CO_(2))动态模型,采用能量和质量平衡方程建立温度、湿度动态模型。使用Matlab/Simulink构建了含有害气体的育雏鸡舍小气候环境仿真模型,通过实测数据对仿真模型进行了模拟验证,并进行了分析讨论。[结果]仿真模型输出的NH3浓度、CO_(2)浓度、温度、湿度平均绝对误差分别为8.20%、9.70%、0.72%、1.70%,最大误差分别为0.7 mg·m^(-3)、443.2 mg·m^(-3)、0.7℃、12.3%,均方根误差分别为0.54 mg·m^(-3)、50.7 mg·m^(-3)、0.81℃、3.9%,决定系数分别为0.8413、0.8615、0.9526、0.9103。刮粪板清粪运行频率对不同周龄时期舍内NH3浓度存在显著影响,对CO_(2)浓度无显著影响。舍内在最小通风模式、过渡式通风模式和纵向通风模式3种通风模式下,CO_(2)浓度降低率分别为12%、35%、48%,NH3浓度降低率分别为29%、38%、52%。[结论]模型输出的NH3浓度、CO_(2)浓度、温度、湿度仿真值与实测值变化趋势一致,构建的育雏鸡舍小气候模型可较为全面、精准的反映舍内环境,可为舍内小气候环境的模拟与调控提供理论指导。[Objective]The environmental factors such as temperature,humidity,and the concentration of harmful gases inside broiler chicken house affect the growth and development of chicks.Constructing a microclimate simulation model that dynami-cally represents the hourly changes in the indoor environment of broiler chicken houses can accurately simulate the conditions in-side of the chicken house.[Methods]Based on the environmental conditions inside and outside the coop,the structural and ther-mal characteristics of the coop,animal physiology,and boundary conditions,dynamic models for the harmful gas concentrations(NH3 and CO_(2))were established using the principles of duel-membrane theory and carbon dioxide balance.Dynamic models for temperature and humidity were established using energy and mass balance equations.A microclimate simulation model for broil-er chicken coops containing harmful gases were constructed using Matlab/Simulink.The model was verified through simula-tion using measured data,and an analysis and discussion were conducted.[Results]The average absolute errors in NH3 concen-tration,CO_(2)concentration,temperature,and humidity output by the simulation model were 8.2%,9.7%,0.72%and 1.7%,respectively.The maximum errors were 0.7 mg·m^(-3),443.2 mg·m^(-3),0.7℃and 12.3%,respectively,and the root mean square errors were 0.54 mg·m^(-3),50.7 mg·m^(-3),0.81℃,3.9%,respectively.The determination coefficients were 0.8413,0.8615,0.9526,and 0.9103,respectivly.The frequency of manure scraper operation significantly affected then NH3 concentration in the house at different ages but had no significant impact on CO_(2)concentration.Under the three ventilation modes of minimum ventilation,transitional ventilation,and longitudinal ventilation,the reduction rates of CO_(2)concentration were 12%,35%,and 48%,respectively,while the reduction rates of NH3 concentration were 29%,38%,and 52%,respec-tively.[Conclusion]The simulated values of NH3 concentration,CO_(2)concentration,temperature and humidity output by the model

关 键 词：有害气体浓度 小气候环境模型 热湿环境 育雏鸡舍 通风模式 

分 类 号：S831.45[农业科学—畜牧学]