东盟“中心地位”的建构和维续——基于复合相互依赖理论的国际组织模式  

Construction and Continuity of ASEAN Centrality:Based on the International Organization Model of Complex Interdependence Theory

作　　者：李皖南 姚丹扬[1] Li Wannan;Yao Danyang

机构地区：[1]暨南大学国际关系学院/华侨华人研究院 [2]暨南大学印度尼西亚研究中心

出　　处：《东南亚纵横》2023年第5期11-23,共13页Crossroads：Southeast Asian Studies

基　　金：2021年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“东南亚藏中国南海史料文献整理与研究”(项目编号:21&ZD244)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：东南亚是当今世界经济发展最具活力的地区之一。近年来,东盟众多文件不断强调东盟“中心地位”,中国对东盟“中心地位”的承诺和支持是一贯的、明确的。从内涵和本质上看,东盟“中心地位”包含了东盟对内推进一体化、对外协调区域关系的两重内涵,实质上是东盟对地区事务自主性的追求。结合复合相互依赖理论,东盟“中心地位”代表着东盟在地区事务中的制度优势,为东盟处理与域外国家的关系提供权力资源。与此同时,东盟“中心地位”作为地区程序和规范的本质,使其维续与东南亚地区机制的变迁相挂钩。基于此,文章将复合相互依赖理论中用于分析国际机制变迁的国际组织模式作为分析框架,根据东盟的组织能力、谈判方式,以及其他组织的介入来探讨影响东盟“中心地位”维续的因素,并归为内生动力和外部干扰两个层面。在内生动力层面,有效的制度框架是东盟“中心地位”的制度优势基础,东盟的团结凝聚能够加强东盟整体应对问题的能力,“东盟方式”的践行则是通过特定的规范影响地区议题的谈判,三者是推动东盟“中心地位”自我维续的动力,共同支撑东盟在对外交流中推行“大国平衡”战略。在外部干扰层面,东盟对大国关系的协调作用存在限度,域外大国竞争关系的激烈程度往往会改变地区其他组织的介入程度而产生或正面或负面的影响,更根本地影响东盟“中心地位”的维续。温和的大国竞争带来的补充性制度产品支持东盟“中心地位”维续,激烈的大国竞争则可能会导致负面结果。东盟在应对外部干扰时通过协调一致做出的反应能对东盟“中心地位”加以巩固,这在一定程度上也缓解了外部的负面冲击。Southeast Asia is one of the regions with the most dynamic economic development in the world.ASEAN Centrality has been emphasized repeatedly in many ASEAN documents in recent yearsand China's commitment to and support for ASEAN centrality has been consistent and unequivocal.ASEAN Centrality contains the dual connotation of promoting integration internally and coordinating regional relations externally.In essence,it is ASEAN's pursuit of autonomy in regional affairs.According to the ComplexInterdependence theory,ASEAN Centrality represents ASEAN's institutional advantages in regional affairs,which provides power resources for ASEAN to deal with countries outside the region.Meanwhile,as the regional procedures and norms,ASEAN Centrality makes its continuity link to the changes in the regional mechanisms of Southeast Asia.Based on this,this paper discusses the factors that affect the continuity of ASEAN Centrality in terms of ASEAN's organizational capacity,negotiation methods and the involvement of other organizationsby taking the international organization model,which is used to analyze the change of international mechanism in the ComplexInterdependence theory,as the analytical framework.The factors can be divided into two levels:internal driving forces and external interference.From the internal perspective,an effective institutional framework is the basis of the institutional advantages of ASEAN Centrality;the unity and cohesion of ASEAN can strengthen ASEAN to deal with problems as a whole;and the practice of"the ASEAN way"is to influence the negotiation of regional issues through specific norms.The three are the driving forces to promote the self-continuation of ASEAN Centrality,and jointly support ASEAN to implement the Balance of Power Strategy in external exchanges.At the level of external interference,ASEAN's coordinating role in great power relations is limited.The intensity of competition between great powers often changes the involvement of other regional organizations,resulting in positive or negative

关 键 词：东盟 复合相互依赖理论 东盟“中心地位” 大国平衡 国际组织模式 

分 类 号：D814.1[政治法律—国际关系]