500例院外急救伤害患者流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of 500 cases of first-aid injuries outside hospital

作　　者：李阳安 胡可慧[2] 王明 LI Yang-an;HU Kehui;WANG Ming(Emergency Department of Sichuan Suining Central Hospital,Suining,Sichuan 629000,China;Rehabilitation Center of Sichuan Suining Central Hospital Suining,Sichuan 629000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省遂宁市中心医院急诊科,四川遂宁629000 [2]四川省遂宁市中心医院康复中心,四川遂宁629000

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2023年第6期85-88,共4页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析500例意外伤害患者分布谱及流行病学特征,为开展针对性预防措施提供理论依据。方法选取2021年1月1日至12月31日四川遂宁地区急救站500例院前急救意外伤害患者的病例资料,根据国际疾病分类(ICD-10)进行意外伤害后果及外因分类,收集患者性别、年龄、呼救时间、疾病谱等作为调查要素。结果500例意外伤害患者主要集中在18~40岁,占48.80%,意外伤害患者在不同年龄段男女比例间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);意外伤害分布谱依次为交通事故伤、摔伤/碰撞伤、打架斗殴伤、高空坠伤;意外伤害发生部位主要是在颅脑部位、四肢、面部,其中颅脑在不同年龄段分布间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);在不同季节意外伤害发生依次为夏季、冬季、春季和秋季;意外伤害发生主要集中在18∶00~23∶59和6∶00~11∶59时间段。结论四川遂宁地区意外伤害的主要原因是交通事故,特别是晚高峰时间段,以18~40岁患者居多,应积极加强安全和健康教育,通过全方位、多手段共同努力减少交通事故的发生。Objective To analyze the distribution spectrum and epidemiological characteristics of 500 patients with accidental injury,and to provide a theoretical basis for targeted preventive measures.Methods Data of 500 pre-hospital emergency patients with accidental injuries were selected from the first aid station in Suining area of Sichuan Province from January 1 to December 31,2021.The consequences and external causes of accidental injuries were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases(ICD-10).The gender,age,time to call for help and disease spectrum of patients were collected as investigation elements.Results Among the 500 cases of accidental injury patients,48.80%were mainly from 18 to 40 years old.There were significant differences in the proportion of male and female accidental injury patients in different age groups(P<0.05).The distribution spectrum of accidental injury was traffic accident injury,fall injury/collision injury,fight injury,and fall from height injury.Accidental injuries occurred mainly in the brain,limbs and face,and the distribution of brain injuries in different age groups had statistical significance(P<0.05).The occurrence of accidents in different seasons was summer,winter,spring and autumn in sequence.Accidental injuries mainly occurred from 18∶00 to 23∶59 and from 6∶00 to 11∶59.Conclusion The main cause of accidental injuries in Suining area of Sichuan Province is traffic accidents,especially during the evening rush hours.The majority of patients are 18-40 years old.Safety and health education should be actively strengthened,and the occurrence of traffic accidents should be reduced through all-round and multi-means joint efforts.

关 键 词：意外伤害 急救 分布谱 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]