基于交流阻抗谱的铅酸蓄电池健康状态检测  

Health-status detection of lead-acid battery based on AC impedance spectroscopy

作　　者：刘润兴 盖玉成 杨品哲 张巍 刘芹 丁泽俊 莫熙喆 LIU Runxing;GAI Yucheng;YANG Pinzhe;ZHANG Wei;LIU Qin;DING Zejun;MO Xizhe(Yunnan Power Grid Co.Ltd.Lincang Power Supply Bureau,Lincang 677000,Yunnan,China;South China Electric Power Research Institute,Guangzhou 510663,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]云南电网有限责任公司临沧供电局,云南临沧677000 [2]南方电网科学研究院有限公司,广东广州510663

出　　处：《储能科学与技术》2023年第11期3499-3507,共9页Energy Storage Science and Technology

基　　金：云南电网有限责任公司项目(YNKJXM20220224)。

摘　　要：阀控式铅酸电池(valve-regulated lead-acid batteries,VRLA)作为后备直流电源广泛用于变电站,其性能直接影响变电站核心装备的安全运行。健康状态(state of health,SOH)是评价电池性能劣化的重要指标,但专门针对VRLA用核容评估其SOH则周期长、成本高。为快速便捷地获取铅酸电池的SOH,本工作提出了一种基于电化学阻抗谱(electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,EIS)的变电站用铅酸电池SOH快速检测装置。该装置通过对电池注入0.1~200 Hz正弦激励电流,运用可调二级放大电路得到不同频率下的响应电压,通过快速傅里叶(fast fournier transform,FFT)计算得到电池EIS,阻抗测量范围更宽,测量时间更快。以不同健康状态的电池交流阻抗谱作为基准,对比分析EIS信号与标准电池交流阻抗谱,运用分段阻抗相关评估法确定目标电池的健康状态,将EIS测量与SOH估算集成于一体。实验表明,所提装置对不同电池的SOH检测结果平均误差为0.69%,最大误差为2.041%,且测试时间小于2 min。The valve-regulated lead-ACID Batteries(VRLA),as a reserve DC power supply,is widely used in substations,and its performance directly affects the safe operation of the core equipment of the substation.Therefore,the state-of-health(SOH)is an important indicator for evaluating the deterioration of battery performance.However,the evaluation of the SOH of VRLA by using the verification capacity method results in a long cycle and high cost.To quickly and conveniently obtain the SOH of the lead-acid battery,this study proposes a fast detection device based on the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)substation for determining the SOH of lead-acid batteries.This device injects 0.1-200 Hz of sinusoidal incentive current through the battery,and the response voltage at different frequencies is obtained using the adjustable secondary amplifier circuit.The battery EIS is obtained by calculating the fast Fourier transform(FFT).The impedance measurement range is wider and the measurement time is faster.By considering the battery AC impedance spectrum of different health states as the benchmark,the analysis of the EIS signal is compared with the standard battery AC impedance spectrum,and segmented impedance-related evaluation methods are used to determine the health status of the target battery.The propose method integrates the EIS measurement with SOH.The experiments show that the average error of the SOH-detection results of different batteries is 0.69%,the maximum error is 2.041%,and the test time is less than 2 min.

关 键 词：铅酸蓄电池 交流阻抗谱 健康状态 快速评估 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]