武汉人工修复湿地黑水鸡的繁殖生态  

Reproductive ecology of common moorhen in a man-made wetland in Wuhan

作　　者：张国月 樊雅东 雷凯茜 安玫 ZHANG Guoyue;FAN Yadong;LEI Kaixi;AN Mei(Changjiang Civilization Museum(Wuhan Natural History Museum)/Changjiang Civilization Museum Management Limited Company,Wuhan,Hubei 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]长江文明馆(武汉自然博物馆)/长江文明馆经营管理有限公司,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《亚热带农业研究》2023年第3期188-193,共6页Subtropical Agriculture Research

基　　金：武汉市园林和林业局科技计划项目“武汉园博园生态修复成效与生物多样性研究”(WHGF2022A16)。

摘　　要：[目的]调查武汉人工修复湿地黑水鸡的繁殖特性,为黑水鸡的保护提供依据。[方法]2021年1月—2022年12月,对武汉园博园中的黑水鸡进行系统调查,持续观察并记录黑水鸡的行为和个体数量;繁殖期测量巢特征、繁殖生态特征,并与其他繁殖种群进行对比。[结果]武汉黑水鸡繁殖期为3—10月,主要以香蒲作为筑巢植物。黑水鸡的平均孵化期为20 d,比候鸟种群长3~4 d,孵化率达97%。平均窝卵数为(6.88±1.86)枚,卵质量(20.03±1.82)g,卵长径(42.20±1.75)mm,卵短径(29.90±1.03)mm,卵体积(19.28±1.74)cm^(3)。单样本T检验表明,武汉黑水鸡种群与其他种群的窝卵数和卵大小均没有显著差异。相关性分析显示,卵质量与卵长径、卵短径均极显著相关,且与卵短径相关系数更大。[结论]黑水鸡对武汉人工湿地具有良好的适应性,繁殖期明显长于其他种群。[Purpose]The reproductive characteristics of common moorhen was investigated so as to provide a basis for its protection in man-made wetland in Wuhan.[Method]The behavior and quantity of common moorhen grown in Wuhan Garden Expo Park were continuously observed and recorded by systematic investigation from January 2021 to December 2022,and the nest characteristics and reproductive parameters during breeding period were measured and compared with other populations.[Result]The breeding period lasted from March to October,with an average incubation period of 20 d,which was 3-4 d longer than those of migratory birds.Cattail plant was the primary nesting material.Its hatchability reached 97%,with a clutch size of(6.88±1.86)eggs.The average mass,length,width and volume of eggs was(20.03±1.82)g,(42.20±1.75)mm,(29.90±1.03)mm,and(19.28±1.74)cm^(3),respectively.T-test of single sample showed that there was no significant difference between Wuhan common moorhen population and other populations in clutch size and egg size.Correlation analysis showed that egg mass was highly significantly correlated with egg length and egg width,and the correlation coefficient with egg width was greater.[Conclusion]Common moorhen had good adaptability to constructed wetland in Wuhan,with an obviously longer breeding period than other populations.

关 键 词：黑水鸡 人工修复湿地 繁殖生态 巢特征 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]