杀菌剂对七叶一枝花灰霉病菌的室内毒力比较及田间防效  

Indoor toxicity comparison and field efficacy trials of fungicides against grey mildew disease Paris polyphyllaSmith var.chinensis

作　　者：吴媛 周先治[2] 陈阳[2] 林永胜[2] WU Yuan;ZHOU Xianzhi;CHEN Yang;LIN Yongsheng(Technical Center of Xiamen Customs,Xiamen,Fujian 361026,China;Agricultural BioresourceInstitute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian 350003,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门海关技术中心,福建厦门361026 [2]福建省农业科学院农业生物资源研究所,福建福州350003

出　　处：《亚热带农业研究》2023年第3期209-214,共6页Subtropical Agriculture Research

基　　金：福建省省属公益类科研院所专项“重楼病虫害综合防控技术研究与示范”(2018R1017-6);福建省农业科学院科技创新团队项目“药用植物科技创新团队”(CXTD2021014-2);福建省人民政府中国农业科学院农业高质量发展超越协同创新工程项目“蔬菜、花卉优异种质资源创制与育种技术创新(药用植物)”(XTCXGC2021003)

摘　　要：[目的]通过室内毒力测定结合田间试验,筛选七叶一枝花灰霉病菌的最佳防治药剂。[方法]采用菌丝生长速率法测定了25%啶菌噁唑乳油、75%肟菌酯·戊唑醇水分散剂、43%戊唑醇悬浮剂、40%嘧霉胺悬浮剂、50%咯菌腈可湿性粉剂、10%苯醚甲环唑水分散剂及50%腐霉利可湿性粉剂等7种杀菌剂对七叶一枝花灰霉病菌的室内毒力,并选取4种毒力较高的杀菌剂进行田间药效试验。[结果]室内毒力测定表明,25%啶菌噁唑乳油、40%嘧霉胺悬浮剂、50%咯菌腈可湿性粉剂和50%腐霉利可湿性粉剂对七叶一枝花灰霉菌菌丝的生长具有显著的抑制作用,EC50分别为0.0422、0.0526、0.0172、0.1249 mg·L^(-1)。田间试验表明,0.1 g·L^(-1)50%咯菌腈的防治效果最好,为83.90%;0.25 g·L^(-1)25%啶菌噁唑和0.5 g·L^(-1)40%嘧霉胺次之,防治效果分别为79.40%和76.73%;0.625 g·L^(-1)50%腐霉利的防治效果最低,仅65.35%。[结论]咯菌腈、啶菌噁唑和嘧霉胺对七叶一枝花灰霉病菌菌丝生长具有良好的抑制作用,且田间防治效果较好,可用于七叶一枝花灰霉病的防治。[Purpose]Indoor toxicity test combined with field efficacy trial were used to screen the optimal control agent against grey mildew disease ofParis polyphyllaSmith var.chinensis.[Method]The toxicity of 7 fungicides,including 25%pyrisoxazole emulsifiable concentrate(EC),75%trifloxystrobin·tebuconazole water dispersible granule(WG),43%tebuconazole suspension concentrate(SC),40%pyrimethanil SC,50%fludioxonil wettable powder(WP),10%difenoconazole WG and 50%procymidone WP,against B.polyphyllaewere tested using mycelium growth rate method.And 4 fungicides with higher toxicity were selected for field efficacy trial.[Result]Indoor toxicity tests showed that 25%pyrisoxazole EC,40%pyrimethanil SC,50%fludioxonil WP and 50%procymidone WP had significant inhibitory effects on the mycelium growth ofBotrytis polyphyllae,with EC50values of 0.0422,0.0526,0.0172,and 0.1249 mg·L^(-1),respectively.Field experiments showed the best control effect(83.90%)by 0.1 g·L^(-1)50%fludioxonil followed by 0.25 g·L^(-1)25%pyrisoxazole(79.40%),0.5 g·L^(-1)40%pyrimethanil(76.73%)and 0.625 g·L^(-1)50%procymidone(65.35%).[Conclusion]Fludioxonil,pyrisoxazole and pyrimethanil had good inhibitory effects on the mycelium growth ofB.polyphyllae as well as excellent field control efficacy,which can be used for the prevention and control of P.polyphylla gray mold.

关 键 词：七叶一枝花 灰霉病 重楼葡萄孢 毒力测定 田间防效 

分 类 号：S435.675[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]