一种树枝状季铵盐型三聚表面活性剂的合成及物化性能  

Synthesis and physicochemical properties of the dendriticquaternary-ammonium-salt trimeric surfactant

作　　者：杜瑞 李杰[1] 白璐[2] 韦真杰 魏欣 DU Rui;LI Jie;BAI Lu;WEI Zhenjie;WEI Xin(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing 163318,China;Luliang Oilfield Operation Area,Xinjiang Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Karamay 834000,China)

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学化学化工学院,黑龙江大庆163318 [2]中国石油新疆油田分公司陆梁油田作业区,新疆克拉玛依834000

出　　处：《化工科技》2023年第4期1-6,52,共7页Science & Technology in Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51674085)。

摘　　要：以丙三醇为核,与氯乙酸发生酯化反应后,再与不同链长的叔胺发生季铵化反应,合成了系列分子结构中含有酯基、易于生物降解的季铵盐型三聚表面活性剂3C_(nest)Q(n=12,14,16),应用FTIR、1H NMR等分析方法对3C_(nest)Q进行了结构表征,结果表明实际结构与理论结构相一致。Wilhelmy平板法、电导率法和荧光光谱法测定结果表明,产物具有良好的表面活性。动态光散射表明,3C_(nest)Q(n=12,14,16)可在水溶液中形成较大的聚集体囊泡。通过电导率法计算了3C_(nest)Q胶束化热力学参数,ΔG°mic<0,说明3C_(nest)Q在溶液中可自发形成聚集体;ΔH°mic<0,说明该过程为放热反应;|-TΔS_(mic)^(o)|>|ΔH_(mic)^(o)|,说明形成聚集体的过程属于熵驱动。In this paper,a series of biodegradable quaternary-ammonium-salt trimeric surfactants 3C_(nest)Q(n=12,14,16)were synthesized by esterification of glycerol as a core with chloroacetic acid to obtain an intermediate,followed by quaternization with tertiary amines of different chain lengths.The structure of 3C_(nest)Q was characterized using modern analytical methods such as FTIR,1H NMR,and melting range analysis,and the results show that the actual structure is consistent with the theoretical structure.The measurement results of the wilhelmy plate,the electrical conductivity method and fluorescent spectrometry show that 3C_(nest)Q s have good surface activity.The results of the dynamic light scattering(DLS)show that the molecules of 3C_(nest)Q(n=12,14,16)in the aqueous solution mainly form the vesicle structure.The thermodynamic parameters of micellization were calculated by the results of electrical conductivity.ΔG o mic<0 indicates that 3C_(nest)Q molecules can spontaneously form micelles in solution,andΔH o mic<0 indicates that the process is an exothermic reaction.The value of|-TΔS o mic|is greater thanΔH o mic,indicating that the formation of micelles is mainly driven by entropy.

关 键 词：三聚表面活性剂 季铵盐 表面活性 热力学参数 

分 类 号：TQ423[化学工程]