不立宗旨与建构道统——全祖望《陆桴亭先生传》的价值及其反响  

Non-establishment of Purpose and Construction of Orthodoxy:the Value and Reception of Quan Zuwang’s Biography of Lu Shiyi

作　　者：韩书安 HAN Shu-an(School of Philosophy,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学哲学学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《宁波大学学报（人文科学版）》2023年第6期1-9,共9页Journal of Ningbo University：Liberal Arts Edition

基　　金：浙江省博士后科研项目择优资助项目“从致善到求真:明清之际儒家格致观念演变研究”(ZJ2022087);宁波文化研究工程项目“宁波学术流派及其思想研究”(WH23-1-3)。

摘　　要：陆世仪在清初思想界本是一个僻居乡里、声名不显的地方儒者。乾嘉时期,全祖望作《陆桴亭先生传》予以表彰,他才逐渐为世人所熟知。全祖望极力推崇陆世仪“不立宗旨”的学术风格,乃是因为不满《明史·儒林传》和《明儒学案》尊朱或崇王的门户倾向。不同于黄宗羲“一本万殊”的形上价值追求,全祖望已转向“去短集长”的客观中立原则,这也反映了清代浙东学派在内在学术精神上从“明道”到“求是”的演变轨迹。晚清以降,唐鉴、钱穆等人站在程朱理学的立场上,将陆世仪建构成道统的重要传人,虽然进一步提高了陆氏在儒学史上的地位,但却背离了全祖望的立传初衷。Lu Shiyi was originally a local Confucian with a dim reputation in the early Qing Dynasty.During the reign of Qianlong and Jiaqing emperors,Quan Zuwang strongly praised Lu’s academic style of“non-establishment of purpose”by writing the Biography of Lu Shiyi.Only then did he gradually become known to the public.The reason why Quan Zuwang respected Lu Shiyi was that he was dissatisfied with the tendency of respecting Zhu Xi or worshiping Wang Yangming in The History of the Ming Dynasty of Confucian Biography and The Ming Confucianism Case.The fundamental difference between the objective and neutral principle of“removing the short and gathering the long”pursued by Quan Zuwang and the metaphysical value position of“oneness by ten thousand differences”adhered by Huang Zongxi.It also reveals the evolution of the Eastern Zhejiang School from“enlightened”to“realistic”in its internal academic spirit.Since the late Qing Dynasty,Tang Jian and Qian Mu,from the standpoint of Cheng Zhu Neo-confucianism,have made Lu Shiyi an important descendant of confucian orthodoxy.Although this has further improved Lu’s position in the history of confucianism,it has deviated from the original intention of establishing a biography of Quan Zuwang.

关 键 词：全祖望 陆世仪 不立宗旨 建构道统 去短集长 

分 类 号：K825.1[历史地理—历史学]