大卫·施特劳斯对道成肉身的哲学人类学阐释  

David Strauss’s Philosophical&Anthropological Interpretation of the Incarnation

作　　者：司强 SI Qiang(School of Marxism Studies,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学马克思主义学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《宁波大学学报（人文科学版）》2023年第6期100-105,共6页Journal of Ningbo University：Liberal Arts Edition

摘　　要：面对自然主义与超自然主义的冲突,施特劳斯以神话学的方法,否认福音书的历史真实性,将其视为早期基督教社团的集体无意识创作。道成肉身不是出现在耶稣身上的一次性事件,而是不断出现在人类及其历史中,历史就是道成肉身的历史。施特劳斯对道成肉身的新解释,开启了青年黑格尔派的哲学人类学道路。以黑格尔哲学的观念论立场为基础,施特劳斯质疑《圣经》的历史真实性,捍卫基督教的神圣性。但是对《圣经》历史真实性的质疑,却瓦解了黑格尔哲学在历史与逻辑之间的一致性。施特劳斯对黑格尔哲学的解释分别影响了布鲁诺·鲍威尔和费尔巴哈。前者将基督教阐释为自我意识异化的产物,后者则以历史真实性为基础反对观念论,走上了唯物主义的道路。Confronting the conflict between naturalism and supernaturalism,Strauss denied the historical authenticity of the gospels with the method of mythology.He regarded it as a collective unconscious creation of the early Christian community.According to his interpretation,the incarnation is not a one-time event that occurs in Jesus,but rather a constant occurrence in humanity and its history.Therefore,history is the history of the incarnation.Strauss’s new interpretation of the word served as a path of philosophical anthropology for the young Hegelians.Strauss questioned the historical authenticity of the Bible and defended the sanctity of Christianity,which is based on the conceptual standpoint of Hegel’s philosophy.However,his doubts about the historical authenticity of the Bible have undermined the consistency between history and logic in Hegel’s philosophy.His interpretation of Hegel’s philosophy influenced Bruno Bauer and Feuerbach.The former interpreted Christianity as the product of self-awareness alienation,while the latter opposed idealism based on historical authenticity and embarked on the path of materialism.

关 键 词：道成肉身 黑格尔 神话学 

分 类 号：B93[哲学宗教—宗教学]