茶树精油对白羽肉鸡免疫功能和血清生化指标的影响  

The effects of tea tree essential oil on the immune function and serum biochemical indices of white feather broilers

作　　者：董淑红[1] 张海涛[1] 陈永亮[1] 吕颜枝[1] 薛忠[1] DONG Shuhong;ZHANG Haitao;CHEN Yongiang;LV Yanzhi;XUE Zhong(Xuzhou Vocational College of Bioengineering,Xuzhou,Jiangsu Province 221006,China)

机构地区：[1]徐州生物工程职业技术学院,江苏徐州221006

出　　处：《中国饲料》2023年第20期26-29,共4页China Feed

基　　金：徐州市科技计划项目(KC21129)。

摘　　要：文章旨在研究茶树精油对白羽肉鸡免疫功能和血清生化指标的影响,试验将200只1日龄健康的白羽肉鸡随机分为4个处理组,每组5个重复,每个重复10只鸡。4个处理组分别饲喂基础日粮(对照组),基础日粮+200 mg/kg(试验Ⅰ组)、500 mg/kg(试验Ⅱ组)和800 mg/kg(试验Ⅲ组)的茶树精油,试验为期42 d。试验结果表明:(1)21日龄时,各试验组肉鸡免疫器官指数与对照组相比均差异不显著(P> 0.05);试验Ⅰ~Ⅲ组42日龄时的法氏囊指数显著高于对照组(P <0.05),脾脏指数和胸腺指数无显著差异(P> 0.05)。(2)在42日龄时,试验Ⅱ组IgA的含量比对照组显著提高1.03 mg/mL(P <0.05),试验Ⅱ组IgG含量显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P <0.05),与试验Ⅲ组差异不显著(P> 0.05);对照组和试验各组的IgM含量和溶菌酶活力差异均不显著(P> 0.05)。(3)各组肉鸡血清总蛋白、白蛋白、总胆红素、无机磷、甘油三酯和胆固醇的含量均差异不显著(P> 0.05);试验Ⅰ组球蛋白含量显著高于试验Ⅱ和Ⅲ组(P <0.05),与对照组无显著差异(P> 0.05);试验Ⅱ组尿素氮的含量显著低于对照组(P <0.05);试验各组肉鸡碱性磷酸酶的活性和对照组相比均有提高,其中试验Ⅱ组的碱性磷酸酶的活性显著高于对照组(P <0.05);试验各组的钙含量均高于对照组,其中试验Ⅱ组与对照组相比差异显著(P <0.05)。综上所述,茶树精油能提高肉鸡免疫力,提高血清中白蛋白及总蛋白含量,促进机体对蛋白质的吸收,降低血清尿素氮的含量,增强血清碱性磷酸酶活性,本试验条件下,茶树精油在肉鸡日粮中适宜添加量为500 mg/kg。This study aimed to investigate the effects of tea tree essential oil on the immune function and serum biochemical indices of white feather broilers.A total of 200 one-day-old Arbor Acres Plus(AA+)broilers were randomly divided into four groups with 5 replicates per group and 10 chickens per replicate.The control group was fed with a basal diet,while the experimental groups I,II,and III were fed with a basal diet supplemented with 200mg/kg,500mg/kg,and 800mg/kg of tea tree essential oil,respectively,for a period of 42 days.The results showed that:(1)At 21 days of age,there were no significant differences in immune organ indices among the experimental groups compared to the control group(P>0.05).However,at 42 days of age,the bursa index of the experimental groups I-III was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),while there were no significant differences in spleen index and thymus index(P>0.05).(2)At 42 days of age,the IgA level in the experimental group II was significantly higher than that in the control group and experimental groups I and III(P<0.05).The IgG level in the experimental group II was significantly higher than that in the control group and experimental group I(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference compared to the experimental group III(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in IgM levels and lysozyme activity among the control group and experimental groups(P>0.05).(3)Regarding serum biochemical indices,there were no significant differences in the levels of total protein,albumin,total bilirubin,inorganic phosphorus,triglycerides,and cholesterol among the groups(P>0.05).However,the globulin level in the experimental group I was significantly higher than that in the experimental groups II and III(P>0.05).The urea nitrogen level in the experimental group II was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Additionally,compared to the control group,all experimental groups showed increased alkaline phosphatase activity,with the highest activity observed

关 键 词：茶树精油 白羽肉鸡 免疫功能 血清生化指标 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]